Hip and Knee Mechanics

Question 1

external rotation of hip

Answer 1

head of femur glides anteirorly in acetabulum

Question 2

internal rotation of hip

Answer 2

head of femur glides posteriorly in acetabulum

Question 3

ligaments of hip?

Answer 3

iliofemoral ligament
ischiofemoral ligament
ligamentum teres capitis femoris

Question 4

flexors of hip?

Answer 4

psoas major
iliacus
pectineus
rectus femoris
sartorius

Question 5

psoas major

Answer 5

T12-L5 origin

inserts at lesser trochanter

Question 6

innervation of psoas major

Answer 6

L123

low back pain and hip problem
pain can be reffered to anterior hip and thigh

Question 7

extensors of hip?

Answer 7

gluteus maximus and hamstrings

Question 8

gluteus maximus

Answer 8

origin - ilium, iliac crest, erector spinae, sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament and gluteus medius fascia

inserts at IT tract of fascia latae

Question 9

innervation of gluteus maximus?

Answer 9

L5, S1, S2

-inferior gluteal nerve

Question 10

hip extensor tension?

Answer 10

limit hip flexion

Question 11

abductors of hip?

Answer 11

gluteus medius and mini us

tensor fascia lata and sartorius

Question 12

lateral hip and knee pain?

Answer 12

frequently seen with dysfunction of tensor facia lata

Question 13

gluteus medius

Answer 13

upper outer ilium

inserts into greater trochanter

Question 14

innervation of gluteus medius?

Answer 14

L5 and S1

-superior gluteal nerve

Question 15

adductors of hip?

Answer 15

adductor longus, brevis magnus
obturator externus
gracilis

Question 16

adductor longus?

Answer 16

origin - anterior aspect of pubis

inserts middle third of femur

Question 17

innervation of adductor longus

Answer 17

L2, L3, L4

-obturator nerve

Question 18

persistant groin pulls?

Answer 18

inferior pubic symphysis pubis shear

-dysfunction of symphysis pubis

Question 19

internal rotators of hip?

Answer 19

tensor fascia lata

gluteus minimus and medius

Question 20

gluteus minimus

Answer 20

origin - outer surface of ilium and greater sciatic notch

inserts greater trochanter

Question 21

innervation of gluteus minimus

Answer 21

L5 and S1

-superior gluteal nerve

Question 22

external rotators of hip?

Answer 22

obturators
gemelli
quadratus femoris
gluteus maximus
sartorius
piriformis

Question 23

piriformis

Answer 23

origin - anterior surface of sacrum, gluteal surface of ilium, capsule of sarcoiliac joint and sometimes sacroiliac and sacrotuberous ligaments

inserts - greater trochanter

Question 24

innervation of piriformis

Answer 24

S1 and S2

Question 25

tightness of piriformis?

Answer 25

decrease hip internal rotation and may irritate sciatic nerve

Question 26

decreased hip extension?

Answer 26

psoas major

Question 27

decreased internal hip rotation?

Answer 27

piriformis

Question 28

acetabular labrum

Answer 28

maintains hip stability | provides proprioceptive info regarding hip motion

Question 29

sharp deep pain in anterior thigh and groin

Answer 29

acetabuluar labrum tear worsens when rising from seated hear a click maybe nonresponsive to conservative treatment

Question 30

intraarticular hip problems?

Answer 30

lose internal rotation first** | -most typical

Question 31

internal rotation of knee?

Answer 31

posterolateral glide

Question 32

external rotation of knee?

Answer 32

anteromedial glide

Question 33

screw home mechanism?

Answer 33

in knee | -when extended, passively locks due to medial rotation of femoral condyles on tibial plateau

Question 34

partial tears of knee?

Answer 34

grade 1 and 2 treated with OMM/rehab complete tears (grade 3) require surgical repair or reconstruction

Question 35

menisci

Answer 35

outer 1/3 vascular and more likely to heal | inner 1/3 avascular and less likely to heal

Question 36

joint locking in knee?

Answer 36

significant menisci tear or subjective instability

Question 37

O'Donoghues triad

Answer 37

ACL medial collateral medial meniscus

Question 38

flexors of knee?

Answer 38

``` biceps femoris semimembranosus semitendinosus popliteus gastrocnemius ```

Question 39

dysfunction of knee flexors?

Answer 39

posterior knee pain

Question 40

biceps femoris muscle

Answer 40

origin - ischial tuberosity, sacrotuberous ligament, femur | insertion - fibular head, lateral collateral ligament, lateral condyle of tibia

Question 41

innervation of biceps femoris

Answer 41

L5, S1, S2 | -sciatic nerve

Question 42

extensors of knee

Answer 42

rectus femoris vastus lateralis vastus medialis vastus intermedius

Question 43

dysfunction of knee extensors?

Answer 43

anterior knee pain

Question 44

rectus femoris**

Answer 44

origin - anterior iliac spine, groove above acetabulum, capsule of hip inserts - base of patella

Question 45

innervation of rectus femoris?**

Answer 45

L2, L3, L4 | -femoral nerve

Question 46

excessive tension in knee flexors?

Answer 46

limits knee extension and vice versa

Question 47

proximal tibiofibular joint?

Answer 47

allows anteriolateral and posteromedial gliding of fibular head fibular head moves in combination with lateral malleolus

Question 48

inversion ankle sprain?

Answer 48

may result in restriction of lateral malleolus and fibular head

Question 49

attaches to fibular head?

Answer 49

lateral collateral ligament lateral hamstring muscle (biceps femoris) -if restrictions persist after treatment - look at lateral meniscus

Question 50

near fibular head?

Answer 50

common fibular nerve - may be affected by posterior fibualr head - may lead to foot drop

Question 51

femoral triangle?

Answer 51

bound by sartorius, adductor longus, and inguinal ligament

Question 52

sympathetics of lower extremity?

Answer 52

preganglionic T10-L3

Question 53

somatic dysfunction at thoracolumbar junction?

Answer 53

increases sympathetic tone to lower extremity | -decreases lymph drainage

Question 54

hip injuries?

Answer 54

lateral trochanter tenderpoints

Question 55

knee injuries?

Answer 55

medial and lateral meniscal tenderpoints