Hip Anatomy

Question 1

Hip Bony Anterior (5)

Answer 1

1 - Iliac crests
2 - Iliac tubercles (approx. 5cm posterior to ASIS)
3 - Anterior superior iliac spines (ASIS)
4 - Greater trochanters
5 - Pubic tubercles (immediately lateral to pubic symphysis)

Question 2

Hip Bony Posterior (5)

Answer 2

1- Posterior superior iliac spines (PSIS)
2 - Inferior lateral angle of sacrum – ILA (post. Lat sacrum where starts to angle in sharply towards coccyx)
3 - Ischial tuberosity
4 - Sacrum
5 - Coccyx (prone only)

Question 3

Hip Soft Tissues: Pelvic Area (7 - 2 nerves & 2 ligaments)

Answer 3

1 - Cluneal nerves (post. sup. to iliac crest; sup/med/inf)
2 - Trochanteric bursa (over and inf. to GT), TFL
3 - Iliotibial band (ITB; lat. to iliac crest and tibial condyle)
4 - Posterior sacroiliac ligaments
5 - Piriformis (sacrum to GT)
6 - Sciatic nerve (mid piriformis; middle of line from S2-GT)
7 - Sacrotuberous ligament (lower lat. sacrum and coccyx to ischial tuberosity)

Question 4

Hip Soft Tissues: Femoral Triangle (3 borders; 3 contents)

Answer 4

Superior border = inguinal ligament, medial border = adductor longus, lateral border = sartorius; floor = iliopsoas and pectineus; contents = femoral nerve, artery and vein (lat. to med.)

Question 5

Hip Soft Tissues: Hip Area (Flexors/Anterior: PADA)

Answer 5

Psoas

• PA: TP, IVDs, T12-L5
• DA: lesser trochanter of femur

Iliacus

• PA: iliac fossa
• DA: lesser trochanter of femur

Sartorius

• PA: ASIS
• DA: pes anserine

Rectus Femoris

• PA: anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
• DA: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Question 6

Hip Soft Tissues: Hip Area (Adductors/Medial: PADA)

Answer 6

Adductor longus

• PA: Pubic Body
• DA: Mid 1/3 Linea Aspera

Gracilis

• PA: Body and IR of Pubis
• DA: Pes anserine

Pectineus (hard to palpate)

• PA: Pectineal line (SPR)
• DA: Pectineal line of femur

Adductor Brevis (hard to palpate)

• PA: Body and Inf Ramus of Pubis
• DA: Prox Linea Aspera

Adductor Magnus
 - Adductor Part:
PA: Inf. Ramus Pubis, ischial ramus
DA: Glute Tube, Linea aspera, med. s/c line
 - Hamstring Part: 
PA: Ischial Tube
DA: Adductor tube of femur

Question 7

Hip Soft Tissues: Hip Area

Abductors/Lateral

Answer 7

Gluteus Medius & Minimus

• PA: External Ilium
• DA: Greater Troch

TFL

• PA: ASIS
• DA: ITB

Question 8

Hip Soft Tissues: Hip Area

Extensors/Posterior

Answer 8

Gluteus Maximus

• PA: Post ilium, sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous lig.
• DA: ITB

Biceps femoris 
- Long Head PA: Isch Tube
- Short Head PA: Linea aspera 
\+ lat s/c line
- Common DA: Fib head

Semimembranosus

• PA: Ischial Tube
• DA: Post. Med. Tib Condyle

Semitendinosus

• PA: Ischial Tube
• DA: Pes Anserine

Question 9

Hip Soft Tissues: Femoral Triangle

Answer 9

Borders

• Superior: inguinal ligament (ASIS – pubic tubercle)
• Medial: adductor longus (covered)
• Lateral: Sartorius (covered)

Floor
- iliopsoas & pectineus

Contents

• femoral nerve, artery & vein (lat to med)
• pneumonic = NAVY (nerve, artery, vein, Y-fronts)
• Use frog leg position