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Kines II > Hip > Flashcards

Hip Flashcards

1
Q

What are the normal values for hip flexion?

A

0-120

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2
Q

What are the normal values for hip extension?

A

0-20

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3
Q

What position may you get less hip extension and why?

A

Knee flexed because rectus femoris is tight

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4
Q

What is the normal value of abduction?

A

0-45

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5
Q

What is the normal values of hip adduction?

A

0-30

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6
Q

What position of the leg will limit hip abduction and why?

A

Gracilis (a weak knee flexor & hip abductor) is tight when the knee is extended

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7
Q

What are the normal values for IR when in anatomical neutral?

A

0-55

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8
Q

What are the normal values for ER when in anatomical neutral?

A

0-55

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9
Q

What is the normal values of IR when the hip is flexed to 90?

A

0-45

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10
Q

What is the normal values of ER when the hip is flexed to 90?

A

0-45

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11
Q

What are the normal ranges in gait for flexion, extension, ABD/ADD & IR/ER?

A

Flexion- 30
Extension- 10
ABD/ADD- 5
IR/ER- 5

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12
Q

What are the arthrokinematics during hip abduction?

A

Superior Roll
Inferior Glide

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13
Q

What are the arthrokinematics during hip adduction?

A

Inferior Roll
Superior Glide

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14
Q

What are the arthokinematics during hip IR?

A

Medial Roll
Lateral Slide

or

Anterior roll
Posterior slide

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15
Q

What are the arthrokinematics during his ER?

A

Lateral Roll
Medial Glide

or

Posterior Roll
Anterior Slide

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16
Q

What are the arthokinematic for hip flexion?

A

Anterior Roll, Posterior Glide
(he likes spin)

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17
Q

What are the arthrokinematics for hip extension?

A

Posterior Roll, Anterior Glide
(he likes spin)

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18
Q

what are the sagital motions of the pelvis at the hip?

A

Posterior Tilting & Anterior Tilting

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19
Q

What are the frontal plane motions of the pelvis at the hip?

A

Hemi-Pelvic Depression & Elevation

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20
Q

OKC IR rotation means what>

A

Femur moving on fixed pelvis
Femur turned toward pelvis

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21
Q

OKC ER rotation means what?

A

Femur turned away from pelvis

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22
Q

What are the motions of the pelvis at the hip joint in the transverse plane?

A

Forward & Backward Rotation

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23
Q

What is OKC of the hip?

A

All segments move in same direction

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24
Q

What happens in CKC motions?

A

System strives to keep head & trunk upright
- Lumbar spine & pelvis motion will generally be opposite of that during lumbar pelvic rhythm

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25
Q

what are closed chain hip movements?

A

Anterior & Posterior Pelvic Tilt

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26
Q

With posterior pelvic tilt does the lumbar become more lordotic or kyphotic?

A

More lordotic
Lumbar extension

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27
Q

With anterior pelvic tilt does the lumbar spine become more lordotic or kyphotic?

A

More kyphotic
Lumbar Flexion

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28
Q

What makes up the Osseous structure of the Acetabulum?

A

Pubis 1/5
Ischium 2/5
Ilium 2/5

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29
Q

What age range is there full ossification of the acetabulum?

A

15-25 yr old

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30
Q

What is the shape of the acetabulum>

A

Horseshoe

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31
Q

What ligament spans the articular gap of the acetabulum and forms the roof of tunnel?

A

Transverse acetabular ligament

32
Q

What makes the hip joint so strong?

A

Depth
- pressure
Fibrocartialgenous labrum

33
Q

What is the orientation of the acetabular?

A

Faces:
Laterally
Anteriorly
Inferiorly

34
Q

Does the center edge angle increase or decrease as we age and why>

A

Increases b/c Wolffe’s Law, cyclic compression promotes bone growth

35
Q

As we age how is there an increased central stability?

A

Ossification of the articulation of 3 bones of the pelvis

36
Q

As we age what causes a reduced co-aptation?

A

Decreased acetabular roundness

37
Q

As we age what increases superior stability?

A

Increase center edges angle

38
Q

What is the spatial orientation of the proximal femur?

A

Projects:
Medial
Superior
Anterior

39
Q

What is the significance of tearing of the Ligamentum teres?

A

This ligament carries acetabular branch of obturator artery so tearing can lead to AVN

40
Q

What is the angle of inclination and what does it contribute to?

A
  • Frontal plane angulation b/w the shaft & neck of femur
  • Contributes to normal valve position of the knee
41
Q

What is the normal angle of inclination in early infancy, adults & elderly?

A

Early Infancy: 150
Adults: 125
Elderly: 120

42
Q

An increased angle of inclination what is that indicative of?

A

Coxa Valga

43
Q

A decreased angle of inclination is indicative of?

A

Coxa Vara

44
Q

What are the 3 things caused by Coxa Valga?

A
  • Increased leg length produces hip adduction
  • Increase pre load of hit abductors
  • Decrease moment arm of abductors
45
Q

What are the 5 things caused by Coxa Vara?

A
  • Decrease leg length
  • Relative hip abduction
  • Poor hip abductor length tension relationship
  • Impingement may limit adduction ROM
  • Sress concentration superior contact area
46
Q

Coxa vara caused poor hip abductor length tension relationship so was does this compromise?

A

Ability to generate torque

47
Q

What ways can coxa vara be caused?

A

Congenital
Developmental
Traumatic

48
Q

If the angle of version is >8-15° what does this indicate?

A

Anteversion or medial femoral torsion

49
Q

What will uncompensated anterversion cause?

A

Expose significant amount of femoral head anteriorly

50
Q

If someone is compensating for an excessive ante version will be IR or ER and what will this cause?

A

IR
Toed in

51
Q

If the angle of version is less than <8-15° what does this indicate?

A

Retroversion or lateral femoral torsion

52
Q

What will uncompensated Retroversion cause?

A

May expose excessive head of femur posteriorly

53
Q

If someone is compensating for an excessive retroversion will leg be ER or IR and what will this cause?

A

ER
-Appear toed out

54
Q

What position does the hip have the greatest congruency?

A

Combined position of:
Flexion
Abduction
Lateral Rotation

55
Q

Is the position that the hip has the greatest congruency is this the closed pack position?

A

No

56
Q

The position of hip flexion. lateral rotation & abduction may be the position of greatest congruency but it is the open pack position, why?

A

This position tends to uncoil supporting his ligaments

57
Q

What is the closed pack position of the hip?

A

Hip Extension & IR because the hip ligaments are tightened

58
Q

What causes decreased superior stability of the hip?

A
  • Inferior angulation of acetabulum is < the superior angle of femoral neck
    so
  • Significant portion of head remains uncovered
59
Q

What contributes to reduced anterior stability of the hip?

A
  • Femoral neck & acetabulum are both directed anterior
    so
  • Significant portion of anterior head is exposed
60
Q

A tight Psoas major will cause what and why?

A
  • Increase lumbar lordosis
  • Because the muscle is attached to anterior lumbar vertebra
61
Q

A tight iliacus will cause what and why?

A
  • Increased anterior pelvic tilt
  • Because the muscle is attached to iliac fossa
62
Q

What are the main action of the tensor Fascia Lata?

A

Flex & IR hip

63
Q

When can the tensor fascia lata abduct the hip?

A

If the hip is already flexed

64
Q

What is the most important contribution of the TFL?

A

To maintain tension in the ITB

65
Q

What is considered to assist in relieving the femur of some of the tensile loads on the shaft?

A

ITB

66
Q

How does the TFL enhance the ITB function?

A

Tales up some of the slack

67
Q

What are the 3 parts of the glut medius and what is the action of all of them?

A

Anterior, middle & posterior
- All fibers abduct

68
Q

What do the anterior fibers of the glute medius do?

A

Flex & IR

69
Q

What does the posterior fibers of the glute medius do?

A

Extend & ER

70
Q

What is the only adductor muscle of the hip to cross the knee?

A

Gracilis

71
Q

Is there any muscle that has the primary function of hip medial rotation?

A

No

72
Q

What contributes to medial hip rotation?

A

Muscles with lines of pull anterior to the hip joint axis at some point of the ROM may contribute to activity

73
Q

What are the most significant hip medial rotators?

A

TFL & anterior gluteus medius

74
Q

When can the piriformis play a role in hip medial rotation?

A

Hip is flexed >90

75
Q

What are the 6 primary lateral hip rotators?

A

Obturator internus
- Obturator externus
- Gemellus superior
- Gemellus Inferior
- Quadratus femoris
- Piriformis

76
Q

What are the 2 secondary lateral rotators?

A

Posterior gluteus medius
Superior gluteus maximus

Kines II (7 decks)

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