Gait

Question 1

what is heel strike?

Answer 1

instant heel contacts the ground

Question 2

what is loading response?

Answer 2

From heel contact to foot flat
Phase continues until contralateral limb lifts off ground

Question 3

what is mid stance ?

Answer 3

From foot flat position until the body above is supported over the weight bearing limb
Begins when contralateral extremity lifts off the grounf

Question 4

What is terminal stance?

Answer 4

From mid stance through heel off the WB extremity
From mid stance until initial contact of contralateral extremity

Question 5

what is presswing?

Answer 5

From hell off until toe off of the WB extremity

Question 6

what is initial swing?

Answer 6

from toe off until maximum knee flexion of ipsilateral extremity (thigh perp to floor)

Question 7

what is midswing?

Answer 7

From Max knee flexion until tibia is in a vertical position

Question 8

what is terminal swing?

Answer 8

From vertical tibia position until just before initial contact of the ipsilateral extremity

Question 9

during initial contact/ heel strike what is the ankle / TC joint doing?

Answer 9

Neutral
Sagittal plane

Question 10

during initial contact / heel strike what is the subtalar joint doing?

Answer 10

supinated

Question 11

during initial contact / heel strike what are the toes doing?

Answer 11

15° extension

Question 12

during loading response / foot flat what is the ankle doing?

Answer 12

PF 15° (= 15° PF IC to LR)

Question 13

during loading response / foot flat what is the subtalar joint doing?

Answer 13

Begins pronation (GRF lateral to ICR)

Question 14

during loading response / foot flat what are the toes doing?

Answer 14

Flexing

Question 15

during mid stance what is the ankle doing?

Answer 15

5-10° DF (= 20-25° DF from LR through MS)

Question 16

during mid stance what is the subtalar joint doing?

Answer 16

LR through MS completes pronation
Supination begins at MS & is complete by end of mid stance

Question 17

during mid stance what are toes doing?

Answer 17

Neutral

Question 18

during terminal stance / heel off what is the ankle doing?

Answer 18

Neutral (=5° PF to neutral from mid stance through terminal stance)

Question 19

during terminal stance / heel off what is the subtalar joint doing/

Answer 19

Supinated or supinating

Question 20

during terminal stance / heel off what is the toes doing?

Answer 20

extension to 30°

Question 21

During preswing / Toe off what is the ankle doing?

Answer 21

PF to 20°

Question 22

During preswing / Toe off what is the subtalar joint doing?

Answer 22

supinated

Question 23

During preswing / Toe off what are the toes doing?

Answer 23

50-60° extension

Question 24

During initial swing / acceleration what is the ankle doing?

Answer 24

10 ° PF (= 10° DF from Preswing through initial swing)

Question 25

During initial swing / acceleration what is the subtalar joint doing?

Answer 25

supinated

Question 26

During initial swing / acceleration what are the toes doing?

Answer 26

Flexing

Question 27

During midswing what is the ankle doing?

Answer 27

neutral

Question 28

During midswing what is the subtalar joint doing?

Answer 28

Supinated

Question 29

During midswing what are the toes doing?

Answer 29

neutral

Question 30

During terminal swing / Deceleration what is the ankle doing?

Answer 30

Neutral

Question 31

During terminal swing / Deceleration what is the subtalar joint doing?

Answer 31

supinated

Question 32

During terminal swing / Deceleration what are the toes doing?

Answer 32

15° extension

Question 33

what is the muscle contraction of ankle happens during loading response?

Answer 33

Eccentric Tibilais Anterior

Question 34

what is the muscle contraction of ankle during mid stance?

Answer 34

Eccentric triceps surae

Question 35

what is the muscle contraction of ankle during terminal stance?

Answer 35

Concentric triceps surae

Question 36

what is the muscle contraction of ankle during preswing?

Answer 36

Concentric triceps surae

Question 37

what is the muscle contraction of ankle during initial swing?

Answer 37

Concentric Tibialis Anterior

Question 38

what is the muscle contraction of ankle during midswing?

Answer 38

Concentric Tibialis Anterior

Question 39

what is the muscle contraction of ankle during terminal swing?

Answer 39

Isometric Tibilas Anterior

Question 40

what is the interaction of the ankle/foot during initial contact through loading response?

Answer 40

Knee Flexion, TC PF, Subtalar pronation Shortening of extremity preventing preventing an abrupt rise in COM after heel strike W/O occurrence would see sharp rise in COM as tibia glides over talus

Question 41

what is the interaction of knee, ankle/foot during mid stance through terminal stance?

Answer 41

COM is lowering Smooth transition via knee extension, TC PF, subtalar supination towards heel off Slows descent of COM by a relative lengthening of stance limb