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Religion 35 > Hinduism > Flashcards

Hinduism Flashcards

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1
Q

Hindu worship ceremony

A

Puja

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2
Q

Images of God in many forms

A

Deities

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3
Q

“Hindus” is a word that comes from the name of the _____ _____, which also gives the name of the modern state of India.

A

Indus River

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4
Q

Three largest religions in the world (in order)

A

Christianity, Islam, Hinduism

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5
Q

For centuries, the native religion of ancient India was known as ______________ “the way of life.”

A

sanatan dharma

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6
Q

The period of Hinduism where an ancient civilization thrived in the fertile valley of the Indus River in the 3rd & 2nd millennium BCE—about 2500-1500BCE

A

Pre-Vedic Period

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7
Q

(during Pre-Vedic Period)

society in which women, especially mothers, took a leading role

A

matriarchal society

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8
Q

— period in Hinduism that began around 1500-600BCE

— named for the 1st sacred writings of Hinduism

A

Vedic Period

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9
Q

Early sacred scriptures of Hinduism

A

Vedas

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10
Q

“_____” is the Sanskrit word for knowledge

A

Veda

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11
Q

The language of ancient India

A

Sanskrit

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12
Q

The third and final preiod in the history of Hinduism that began around 600BCE

A

The Upanishad Period

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13
Q

Sacred scriptures; the final dialogues ending the Vedas

A

Upanishads

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14
Q

________ and __________ are both offshoots of Hinduism

A

Buddhism

Jainism

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15
Q

The most common form of Hindu worship

A

Puja

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16
Q

An image of Hindu deity

A

Murti

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17
Q

A hindu temple

A

Mandir

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18
Q

Sacred sounds, words, or phrases, repeated in ritual

A

Mantra

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19
Q

— another importang ritual that involved offering fire

— worshippers remind themselves God is within them

A

havan

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20
Q

Wise teacher

A

Guru

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21
Q

The law of birth, death, and rebirth, or the process of reincarnation

A

Samsara

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22
Q

Freedom or liberation from samsara, or the cycle of rebirth

A

Moksha

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23
Q

The law of cause and effect, of one’s actions having an impact on one’s future life

A

Karma

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24
Q

One personal code of conduct relating to family and society; one’s duty

A

Dharma

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25
Q

In the early Vedic period, this unity of all reality was thought to be ________.

A

fire

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26
Q

The supreme cosmic foce

A

Brahman

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27
Q

With the Upanishads, the great shift in Hindu belief was that _________—not fire—united all.

A

consciousness

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28
Q

The true self

A

Atman

29
Q

Illusion

A

Maya

30
Q

The principle of non-violence

A

Ahimsa

31
Q

A traditional Hindu social level or class

A

Caste

32
Q

In the traditional Hindu social levels, the lowest outsider class

A

Untouchables

33
Q

— priestly caste
— role: to study and teach in matters of faith, especially the Vedas
— lead most key rituals

A

Brahmins

34
Q

— warrior caste

— role: to protect the people and run a fair government

A

Kshatriyas

35
Q

—caste contains producers (traders, merchants, farmers, artists, businesspeople)
— traditionally taken care of economic needs of the community

A

Vaishyas

36
Q

— lowest caste

— main purpose: serve the 3 higher castes (unskilled workers, servants, anyone doing menial work)

A

Sudras

37
Q

— stage 1
— 7-20
— religious edu + willingness to search for truth

A

Student

38
Q

— stage 2
— 20-50
— duty to fam, raising kids, work

A

Householder

39
Q

— stage 3
— when fam is self-supporting
— retreat from worldly life, focus on spiritual matters

A

Semi-retired

40
Q

— stage 4
— when ready
— holy, detached life, no possessions or responsibilities

A

Wandering ascetic

Sanyasin

41
Q

Someone who practices severe self-discipline of abstains from physical pleasures for religious purposes

A

Ascetic

42
Q

— Life Milestones

— Hindu scriptures note how many of these moments?

A

16

43
Q

— boy 7-12

— ceremony marks his become a student

A

Sacred Thread Ceremony

44
Q

scriptures meaning that they have come from the deities through holy people

A

“heard” or “revealed” scriptures

45
Q

scriptures that are mostly popular stories about the deities

A

“traditional” or “remembered” scriptures

46
Q

Example of revealed scriptures

A

the Vedas

47
Q

“______” means literally “sit down near”

A

Upanishads

48
Q

A hindu epic about Prince Rama and Sita

A

Ramayana

49
Q

A sacred Hindu story about Prince Arjuna and Krishna

A

Bhagavad Gita

50
Q

The creator of the universe

A

Brahma

51
Q 
(Deity) 
The preserver, often descends into the world i human form
7th - rama
8th - krishna
9th - gautama
A

Vishnu

52
Q

A deity who has descended into the world in earthly form

A

Avatar

53
Q

(Deity)

destroyer + redeemer, a complex deity

A

Shiva

54
Q

all female deities embody stronb cosmic feminine energy known as ______

A

shakti

55
Q

the word we use to describe how a god, deity, or saint is shown in art

A

Iconigraphy

56
Q

Hindu path (or discipline) to liberation

A

yoga

57
Q

3 yogas

A

knowledge
devotion
path

58
Q

concentrating and focusing the mind to control one’s thoughts

A

Meditation

59
Q

a word, phrase, or sound that is repeated

A

mantra

60
Q

a symbolic circle diagram that may represent the universe or even the self

A

Mandala

61
Q

sacred sound or mantra that some hindus use in meditation

A

Aum (or Om)

62
Q

Path that expresses spiritual ____ and truth

A

Path of Knowledge

63
Q

Path where hindus choose a particular deity and spend their lives worshipping that deity

A

Path of Devotion

64
Q

— karma yoga
— hindus doing their dharma to the best of their abilities
— “intention”

A

Path of Action

65
Q

Hindu scripture that governs actions and virtues

A

Laws or Manu

66
Q

Money or other valuables that the bride brings to her marriage

A

dowry

67
Q

only _____ may be brahman priests and lead public worship

A

men

68
Q

most marriages in india are _______

A

arranged marriages

69
Q

Those hindu marriages that are not arranged

A

love matches

Religion 35 (4 decks)

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