Buddhism Flashcards
The three jewels
“I take refuge in the Buddha, the dharma, and the sangha.”
Founder of Buddhism
Siddhartha Gautama
Siddhartha Gautama (founder); teachers who fully understand the nature of mind and reality
The Buddha
Someone who practices severe self-discipline or abstains from physical pleasure for religious purposes
Ascetic
A state of perfect happiness and understanding; unconditional compassion for all beings
Enlightenment
The end if personal suffering and the experience of unchanging peace
Nirvana
when he was approximately 35, the Buddha gave his first sermon __________ (Wheel of Life) about the nature of human existence and what people must do to release themselves from suffering
Dharmachakra
For 49 days, the Buddha engaged in meditation that involved a spiritual struggle against the evil god _______
Mara
The 4th largest religion in terms of number of followers
Buddhism
The Buddha’s remains, such as his teeth, were divided among his followers and these remains were called ______
relics
These remains (relics) were placed in special stone burial mounds called ______, which became centres of Buddhist devotion.
stupas
Some groups within Buddhism are:
- Theravada Buddhists
- Mahayana Buddhists
- Vajrayana Buddhists
- Zen Buddhists
Buddhism became the state religion of a powerful empire in the Indian subcontinent ruled by ________
Emperor Asoka
Buddhist community
sangha
A visual object, usually in the form of a circle, that can be used as an aid for focusing on meditation
Mandala
A word or phrase that is chanted as an aid to meditation
Mantra
Buddhist worship, called _____ in some cultures, takes place at home or at a temple or shrine
Puja
Buddhist temples and shrines are usually built to symbolize the 5 elements of Buddhist faith:
sky — vertical line water — horizontal line fire — circle air — oval earth — square
Regard with deep respect
(Buddhist — Buddha)
(Catholics — Mary and the saints)
Venerate
SomeBuddhists have a day like a Sabbath day, on Sunday. However, many celebrations are celebrated according to the _______ calendar
Lunar calendar
The ______ is one of the most important symbols in Buddhism. The 8 spokes represent each steps of the Eightfold Path
Wheel of Dharma
The Wheel of Dharma
The Eightfold Path
Right
1) thinking / understanding
2) thought / intention
3) speech
4) action / behaviour
5) living / livelihood
6) effort
7) mindfulness
8) meditation / contemplation
The law of birth, death, and rebirth, or the process of reincarnation
Samsara
buddhist teaching
dharma
The idea in Buddhism that a person can be reborn in a form closer to enlightenment if he/she accumulates ______; wholesome deeds + intentions can add to a person’s _______
(Positive Karmic Residue in Hinduism)
Merit
For Buddhists, the _______________ is a sign of power, and many festivals are celebrated during this time
Full moon
(Annual rituals)
Celebrates the birth of Siddhartha Gautama and, in some countries, the day of his enlightenment and death.
Vesak
(Annual rituals)
- Dharma Day
- Marks the beginning of the Buddha’s teaching.
Asalha Puja
After Buddha’s death, one of his teeth was placed in a temple in Kandy, Sri Lanka. In Aug, a colourful procession carries the tooth through the city. Pilgrims from around the country journey to Kandy to celebrate _____________.
Esala Perahera
(In Canada)
Buddhist Christmas
Vesak
(In Canada)
Buddhist Lent
Dharma Day
(Groups in Buddhism)
- believe that only monks make up the sangha, can achieve enlightenment, although others can gain merit by following the dharma
- “Work our your own salvation w/ diligence.”
- Buddha != divine
Theravada
Theravadin Buddhists believe in the ___________________ which are often called the first Buddhist criptures
Tripitakas (Three Baskets)
Tripitakas (Three Baskets)
- rules of conduct for monks and nuns
Vinaya Pitaka
Tripitakas (Three Baskets)
- a large collection of the Buddha’s teachings
Sutta Pitaka
Tripitakas (Three Baskets)
- explanations of the Buddhist view on laws of nature and the mind
Abhidhamma Pitaka
(Groups in Buddhism)
- incorporates elements of religions and cultures it encountered
Mahayana
Theravada
IDEAL
monks
Mahayana
IDEAL
(People who have achieved enlightenment, but have chosen to stay on the human plane of existence, suffering, death, and rebirth)
Bodhisattvas
Mahayana
- Tripitakas = worthy scriptures, but there are others like Lotus Sutra.
- Mahayana Buddhists also use teaching stories called ________, which can be humorous + instructional
Jataka
(Groups in Buddhism)
- absorbed elements of the local religion into their own beliefs
- result: a unique set of spiritual disciplines—the style if meditation, chanting, and the use of objects in prayer
Vajrayana
(Groups in Buddhism)
- emphasizes enlightenment through meditation
- meditating on riddles or puzzling questions, etc.
Zen Buddhism
the spiritual and political leaser of exiled Tibetans—and revered as the incarnation of a Bodhisattva
The Dalai Lama
The law of cause and effect, of one’s actions having an impact on one’s future
- merit
- INTENTION is central
Karma
Buddhist Creed can be summed up as the __________.
“I take refuge in the Buddha, the dharma, and the sangha.”
The Three Jewels
The Three Marks of Existence
(or the Three Universal Truths)
- nothing is permanent
- no rest except nirvana
- life is ever changing, unpredictable, uncertain
- Anicca (Impermanence)
The Three Marks of Existence
(or the Three Universal Truths)
- all life involves suffering
- in the end, ppl must face physical decay and death
- Dukkha (Suffering)
The Three Marks of Existence
(or the Three Universal Truths)
- no permanent identity/existence
- everybody is made up of 5 parts: body, feeling, perception, mental actions, awareness
- energy is created by all people; force that carries on into next life
- Anatta (Not Self)
The Four Noble Truths
- Life is suffering. (Dukkha)
- Desire causes suffering.
- End suffering, stop desiring.
- Eightfold Path
MORALITY
The Five Perceptions
I undertake the percept to refrain from:
1) destroying living creatures
2) taking that which is not given
3) sexual misconduct
4) incorrect speech
5) intoxicating drinks and drugs, which lead to carelessness
MORALITY
Buddhist Values:
1) Self-determination (Noble Eightfold Path)
2) Mindfulness (dharma)
3) Compassion (action)
4) Loving-kindness (metta)
5) Detachment
Buddhism’s main contribution to family life is the ________________, which guide individual morality
the Five Percepts