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Religion 35 > Buddhism > Flashcards

Buddhism Flashcards

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1
Q

The three jewels

A

“I take refuge in the Buddha, the dharma, and the sangha.”

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2
Q

Founder of Buddhism

A

Siddhartha Gautama

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3
Q

Siddhartha Gautama (founder); teachers who fully understand the nature of mind and reality

A

The Buddha

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4
Q

Someone who practices severe self-discipline or abstains from physical pleasure for religious purposes

A

Ascetic

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5
Q

A state of perfect happiness and understanding; unconditional compassion for all beings

A

Enlightenment

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6
Q

The end if personal suffering and the experience of unchanging peace

A

Nirvana

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7
Q

when he was approximately 35, the Buddha gave his first sermon __________ (Wheel of Life) about the nature of human existence and what people must do to release themselves from suffering

A

Dharmachakra

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8
Q

For 49 days, the Buddha engaged in meditation that involved a spiritual struggle against the evil god _______

A

Mara

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9
Q

The 4th largest religion in terms of number of followers

A

Buddhism

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10
Q

The Buddha’s remains, such as his teeth, were divided among his followers and these remains were called ______

A

relics

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11
Q

These remains (relics) were placed in special stone burial mounds called ______, which became centres of Buddhist devotion.

A

stupas

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12
Q

Some groups within Buddhism are:

A
  • Theravada Buddhists
  • Mahayana Buddhists
  • Vajrayana Buddhists
  • Zen Buddhists
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13
Q

Buddhism became the state religion of a powerful empire in the Indian subcontinent ruled by ________

A

Emperor Asoka

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14
Q

Buddhist community

A

sangha

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15
Q

A visual object, usually in the form of a circle, that can be used as an aid for focusing on meditation

A

Mandala

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16
Q

A word or phrase that is chanted as an aid to meditation

A

Mantra

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17
Q

Buddhist worship, called _____ in some cultures, takes place at home or at a temple or shrine

A

Puja

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18
Q

Buddhist temples and shrines are usually built to symbolize the 5 elements of Buddhist faith:

A 
sky — vertical line
water — horizontal line
fire — circle
air — oval
earth — square
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19
Q

Regard with deep respect
(Buddhist — Buddha)
(Catholics — Mary and the saints)

A

Venerate

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20
Q

SomeBuddhists have a day like a Sabbath day, on Sunday. However, many celebrations are celebrated according to the _______ calendar

A

Lunar calendar

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21
Q

The ______ is one of the most important symbols in Buddhism. The 8 spokes represent each steps of the Eightfold Path

A

Wheel of Dharma

22
Q

The Wheel of Dharma

The Eightfold Path

A

Right

1) thinking / understanding
2) thought / intention
3) speech
4) action / behaviour
5) living / livelihood
6) effort
7) mindfulness
8) meditation / contemplation

23
Q

The law of birth, death, and rebirth, or the process of reincarnation

A

Samsara

24
Q

buddhist teaching

A

dharma

25
Q

The idea in Buddhism that a person can be reborn in a form closer to enlightenment if he/she accumulates ______; wholesome deeds + intentions can add to a person’s _______

(Positive Karmic Residue in Hinduism)

A

Merit

26
Q

For Buddhists, the _______________ is a sign of power, and many festivals are celebrated during this time

A

Full moon

27
Q

(Annual rituals)

Celebrates the birth of Siddhartha Gautama and, in some countries, the day of his enlightenment and death.

A

Vesak

28
Q

(Annual rituals)

  • Dharma Day
  • Marks the beginning of the Buddha’s teaching.
A

Asalha Puja

29
Q

After Buddha’s death, one of his teeth was placed in a temple in Kandy, Sri Lanka. In Aug, a colourful procession carries the tooth through the city. Pilgrims from around the country journey to Kandy to celebrate _____________.

A

Esala Perahera

30
Q

(In Canada)

Buddhist Christmas

A

Vesak

31
Q

(In Canada)

Buddhist Lent

A

Dharma Day

32
Q

(Groups in Buddhism)

  • believe that only monks make up the sangha, can achieve enlightenment, although others can gain merit by following the dharma
  • “Work our your own salvation w/ diligence.”
  • Buddha != divine
A

Theravada

33
Q

Theravadin Buddhists believe in the ___________________ which are often called the first Buddhist criptures

A

Tripitakas (Three Baskets)

34
Q

Tripitakas (Three Baskets)

  • rules of conduct for monks and nuns
A

Vinaya Pitaka

35
Q

Tripitakas (Three Baskets)

  • a large collection of the Buddha’s teachings
A

Sutta Pitaka

36
Q

Tripitakas (Three Baskets)

  • explanations of the Buddhist view on laws of nature and the mind
A

Abhidhamma Pitaka

37
Q

(Groups in Buddhism)

  • incorporates elements of religions and cultures it encountered
A

Mahayana

38
Q

Theravada

IDEAL

A

monks

39
Q

Mahayana

IDEAL

(People who have achieved enlightenment, but have chosen to stay on the human plane of existence, suffering, death, and rebirth)

A

Bodhisattvas

40
Q

Mahayana

  • Tripitakas = worthy scriptures, but there are others like Lotus Sutra.
  • Mahayana Buddhists also use teaching stories called ________, which can be humorous + instructional
A

Jataka

41
Q

(Groups in Buddhism)

  • absorbed elements of the local religion into their own beliefs
  • result: a unique set of spiritual disciplines—the style if meditation, chanting, and the use of objects in prayer
A

Vajrayana

42
Q

(Groups in Buddhism)

  • emphasizes enlightenment through meditation
  • meditating on riddles or puzzling questions, etc.
A

Zen Buddhism

43
Q

the spiritual and political leaser of exiled Tibetans—and revered as the incarnation of a Bodhisattva

A

The Dalai Lama

44
Q

The law of cause and effect, of one’s actions having an impact on one’s future

  • merit
  • INTENTION is central
A

Karma

45
Q

Buddhist Creed can be summed up as the __________.

“I take refuge in the Buddha, the dharma, and the sangha.”

A

The Three Jewels

46
Q

The Three Marks of Existence
(or the Three Universal Truths)

  • nothing is permanent
  • no rest except nirvana
  • life is ever changing, unpredictable, uncertain
A
  1. Anicca (Impermanence)
47
Q

The Three Marks of Existence
(or the Three Universal Truths)

  • all life involves suffering
  • in the end, ppl must face physical decay and death
A
  1. Dukkha (Suffering)
48
Q

The Three Marks of Existence
(or the Three Universal Truths)

  • no permanent identity/existence
  • everybody is made up of 5 parts: body, feeling, perception, mental actions, awareness
  • energy is created by all people; force that carries on into next life
A
  1. Anatta (Not Self)
49
Q

The Four Noble Truths

A
  1. Life is suffering. (Dukkha)
  2. Desire causes suffering.
  3. End suffering, stop desiring.
  4. Eightfold Path
50
Q

MORALITY

The Five Perceptions

A

I undertake the percept to refrain from:

1) destroying living creatures
2) taking that which is not given
3) sexual misconduct
4) incorrect speech
5) intoxicating drinks and drugs, which lead to carelessness

51
Q

MORALITY

Buddhist Values:

A

1) Self-determination (Noble Eightfold Path)
2) Mindfulness (dharma)
3) Compassion (action)
4) Loving-kindness (metta)
5) Detachment

52
Q

Buddhism’s main contribution to family life is the ________________, which guide individual morality

A

the Five Percepts

Religion 35 (4 decks)

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