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Modules 6 - 10 (Exam 2) > Hinduism > Flashcards

Hinduism Flashcards

Module 7

1
Q

Aryans meaning

A

“Noble people” in Sanskrit

Migrated to India 1800-1500 BCE

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2
Q

When did the Indo-Aryan migration take place?

A

1800 to 1500 BCE

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3
Q

Who is Purusha?

A

In the Rig Veda, Purusha is a primordial being who was sacrificed by the gods so all life forms including humans could be created. Each different body part of Purusha became the different varnas (castes)

Cosmogonic Myth

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4
Q

Varnas and Purusha’s body parts

A

Mouth - Brahmins
Arms - Kshatriyas
Legs - Vaishyas
Feet - Shudras

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5
Q

The caste of Teachers and Priests

A

Brahmin

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6
Q

The caste of Rulers and Warriors

A

Kshatriya

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7
Q

The caste of Peasants and Merchants

A

Vaishya

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8
Q

The caste of ruling kings (a later addition to the system, the highest level)

A

Rajas

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8
Q

The caste of laborers, the lowest caste

A

Sudra

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9
Q

What is Karma?

A

Action, and the consequences of action

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10
Q

What is Moksha?

A

Liberation, the desired escape from samsara

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11
Q

What is Atman?

A

Eternal Self, true inner Self, a person’s soul

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12
Q

What is Samsara?

A

The cycle of birth, death, and rebirth

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13
Q

What is Maya?

A

Illusion, the distorted view of the world

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14
Q

What is Dharma?

A

Duty, the duties of your caste/varna

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15
Q

What does Varna mean?

A

“color” in Sanskrit, meaning caste or class

16
Q

What is Jiva?

A

the observable, material self, empirical self

17
Q

What is Karma yoga?

A

A way of works, focused on following and completing your dharma
~ The code of Manu ~

18
Q

What is Bhakti yoga?

A

A way of devotion, focused on worshipping the deities of Hinduism
~ The Mahabarata, Bhagavad Gita ~

19
Q

What is Jnana yoga?

A

A way of knowledge, “the way of wisdom”
focus on studying Hindu philosophy and the relationship between Atman and Brahman
~ The Upanishads ~

20
Q

What is Brahman?

A
  • The ultimate reality of the world
  • The holy power of prayer
  • The stanzas of the Rig Veda
  • Sacred knowledge, holy word, incantations
21
Q

What is the ultimate reality of the world?

A

Brahman

22
Q

What are the four Vedas?

A
  • Rig Veda
  • Sama Veda
  • Yajurveda (Krishna and Shukla Yajurveda)
  • Atharva Veda
23
Q

What does Veda mean?

A

“knowledge” in Sanskrit

24
Q

What is the Rig Veda?

A
  • Oldest of the four Vedas
  • Means “Hymn Knowledge”
  • Contains ten mandalas (books) of 1,028 Vedic Sanskrit hymns
25
Q

What are the Upanishads?

A
  • Means “to sit nearby” in Sanskrit
  • Texts regarding meditations, philosophy, and spiritual knowledge
  • Knowledge intended to be shared, passed down, and practiced with others
  • New sacred writings during the Axis Age
  • Conclude each of the Vedas
  • Emphasized the individual’s inner experience
26
Q

What does Sannyasin mean?

A

Renunciant
Someone practicing asceticism, and the last stage of life for men in the Code of Manu

27
Q

Law Code of Manu

A

A legal text from Ancient India that introduced many core concepts including:
- the caste system
- the basis for karma yoga
- the four stages of life for men (four asramas)

28
Q

What are the four asramas? (stages of life in Code of Manu)

A
  • Brahmacharya (student)
  • Gṛhastha (householder)
  • Vanaprastha (forest walker/forest dweller)
  • Sannyasin (renunciate)
29
Q

What does Sindhu mean and what words came from it?

A

Sindhu means “river” referring to the great Indus River

These words:
- India
- Hindu (Hinduism)

30
Q

Who was Ashoka?

A

3rd King of Mauryan Empire
262 BC (3rd century BC)

  • controlled most of the Indian peninsula
  • converted to Buddhism after a bloody battle
  • sent missionaries out as far as Greece to spread Buddhism
31
Q

What is significant about the Harappan Civilization?

A
  • Was an important agrarian center
  • Religious symbols found at Harappa still appear in modern Indian culture
32
Q

What is the Trimurti?

A

“three forms”

  • Brahma, the creator
  • Vishnu, the preserver
    -Shiva, the destroyer

Modules 6 - 10 (Exam 2) (6 decks)

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