Hindu unit

Question 1

Vedic Religion

Answer 1

precursor to Hinduism ~1500 BCE - 0

Question 2

Dharma

Answer 2

“right way of living” and “path of rightness” // ie: justice, faith

Question 3

Karma

Answer 3

all actions have consequences // “good actions” follow Dharma, bad departs from it

Question 4

Shiva

Answer 4

~responsible for the creation, maintenance, and destruction of the world
~Playful trickster God, connected with dance and theater
~Acestic but still overtly sexual,
~has third eye and trident

Question 5

Ganesh

Answer 5

Shiva’s son, head of an elephant

Question 6

Vishnu

Answer 6

~protector/preserever of the universe
~Four arms,
~Has ten different avatars that help/solve different problems (they are not individually worshiped except for Rama and Krishna)

Question 7

Rama// Ramayana

Answer 7

Vishnu’s model of kingship/hero

Question 8

Krishna

Answer 8

~Vishnu’s avatar of love and devotion.
~Shown in different stages and types of love. Ex. baby, hot guy. Rides an eagle

Question 9

Lingham

Answer 9

a cylindrical, phallic symbol that represents the god Shiva

Question 10

Hanuman

Answer 10

Ramas “sidekick”

Question 11

Durga

Answer 11

Goddess, warrior, fierce, unmarried

Question 12

Kali

Answer 12

scary, fanged, and bloodthirsty, motherfigure. Animals are sacrificed for her

Question 13

Darshan

Answer 13

to be seen by the Gods

Question 14

Puja

Answer 14

sing, recite scripture then offer a plate to the gods w/ candles, food, ect

Question 15

Diwali

Answer 15

festival of lights in late fall/winter as a commemoration of Rama

Question 16

Sect Markings

Answer 16

indicate to which God you are worshipping

Question 17

4 vedas

Answer 17

~Large collections of Hymns of praise dedicated to a few set Gods (not modern Hindu Gods)
~began as an oral tradition that was passed down
~ written in Vedic Sanskrit between 1500 and 500 BCE

Question 18

varna Caste system

Answer 18

Brahamin, Kshatriya, merchant, laborer, Dalit

Question 19

Brahamin

Answer 19

Priests

Question 20

Kshatriya

Answer 20

Warriors and rulers

Question 21

Dalit

Answer 21

~People seen as most polluting
~usually work in waste management
~”untouchables”

Question 22

Samsara

Answer 22

cycle of rebirth

Question 23

Shramana

Answer 23

~Groups that strive to understand spiritual life and finding liberation from samasara
~practiced an ascetic, or strict and self-denying, lifestyle in pursuit

Question 24

Hindutva

Answer 24

~cultural justification of Hindu nationalism and the belief in establishing Hindu hegemony within India
~equates Indianness with Hinduism

Question 25

V.D Savarkar

Answer 25

founder of Hindutva

Question 26

RSS National Volunteer Organization

Answer 26

~paramilitary organization modeled after Mussolini black shirts.
~Spread mostly through young boys

Question 27

M.S Golwalker

Answer 27

~Ran the RSS 40s-70s
- believed that Muslims should convert or have their civil rights stripped.
~Took inspiration from European nationalism and fascism

Question 28

Why did the right wing hate Gandhi?

Answer 28

~holds him responsible for emasculating Hindu men by preaching non-violence,
~weakening the Hindu religion by fighting for the rights of the then ‘untouchables’ and ‘depressed classes’.

Question 29

1500 - 1600 BCE

Answer 29

Indo-Aryan migration or “invasion” into the region, from Central Asia

Question 30

Vedic Sacrifices involve:

Answer 30

various oblations are offered unconditionally into one or more sacrificial fires to be transferred with the help of the fire-god Agni to specific gods or goddesses

Question 31

Why cow worship?

Answer 31

The Indo-European people had cattle with major economic significance reflected in their religion.

Question 32

BJP: India People’s Party

Answer 32

~started in 70s as fringe group
~appeals to the middle class
~ran country from 2001-2003 and 2010s-present