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NBDE Pt 2 > High Yield Restorative > Flashcards

High Yield Restorative Flashcards

1
Q

At what pH does enamel start to demineralize?

A

5.5

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2
Q

What is best indicator of future caries?

A

Hx of caries

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3
Q

T/F: Frequency of sugar intake is more important than amount of sugar intake.

A

True

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4
Q

What is the earliest sign of a carious lesion?

A

Change in enamel opacity

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5
Q

Describe the process by which S. mutans adheres?

A

Converts sucrose -> dextrans via enzyme glucosyltransferase

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6
Q

T/F: Lactobacillus contributes to carries formation.

A

True

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7
Q

T/F: Lactobacillus initiates caries formation.

A

False

Helps it progress

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8
Q

Which race has the most prevalent caries risk in children?

A

Hispanic

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9
Q

What type of caries has seen the most increase in caries incidence?

A

Root caries

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10
Q

What racial population has the most unrestored caries?

A

Black

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11
Q

What is the best diagnostic indicator of root caries?

A

Soft spot

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12
Q

What are some characteristics of remineralized enamel?

A

Darker, harder, more resistant to acid

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13
Q

What will an arrested lesion look like?

A

Brown, leathery, hard

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14
Q

What is the most common areas for caries?

A

Pit/fissure

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15
Q

When do you treat caries?

A

Upon Cavitation

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16
Q

Fluoride works best on which type of caries?

A

Smooth surface

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17
Q

T/F: Consistency of sugar intake is most important for caries

A

True

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18
Q

Describe the differences in the shapes of smooth surface carries vs pit/fissure caries?

A

Smooth surface = Cone with apex facing pulp

Pit/fissure = two triangles, both bases at DEJ

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19
Q

T/F: A sealant over carries will lead to the carries getting worse.

A

False

Will lead to arrested caries

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20
Q

What is the mechanism of caries indicating dyes?

A

Bind to denatured collagen

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21
Q

How do you calculate incidence of caries?

A

(this years caries pts - last years caries pts)/total patients

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22
Q

What zone of carries is seen in a radiograph?

A

Body zone

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23
Q

What is the DMFS?

A

Decayed, missing, filled surfaces. Includes 3rd molars.

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24
Q

What is the DMFT?

A

Decayed, missing, filled teeth. Only permanent teeth, no 3rd molars

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25
Q

What race has the highest F in the DMFT index?

A

White

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26
Q

What is the deft?

A

Decayed, extracted, filled teeth. PRIMARY dentition

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27
Q

What is the difference between the 330 and 245 burs?

A 
330 = 1.5mm long
245 = 3mm long
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28
Q

What are some pear shaped burs?

A

245, 330

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29
Q

How wide is the 245 and 330 bur at the tip?

A

0.8mm

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30
Q

What is the best bur for creating convergent walls?

A

245

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31
Q

What are the pros and cons of more blades on a bur?

A 
Pro = smoother
Con = less efficient
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32
Q

What is the RPM for high speed?

A

200,000 RPM

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33
Q

T/F: When excavating caries, you should start in the center and go towards periphery.

A

False

Use large bur and start at periphery

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34
Q

What is the difference between gingival margin trimmer and enamel hatchet?

A

GMT has angled blade

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35
Q

Which instruments are used to bevel occlusal floor?

A

15, 80

36
Q

What would cause displacement of odontoblastic processes?

A

Thermal

37
Q

What method of sterilization does not corrode burs?

A

Dry heat

Steam heat = BAD

38
Q

What are the first signs of mercury poisoning?

A

Hair loss and muscle weakness

39
Q

Where is the most common place for an amalgam to fracture?

A

Isthmus

40
Q

What is the most common reason for amalgam failure?

A

Improper design (depth)

41
Q

What is the corrosive phase of amalgam?

A

Mercury/tin

42
Q

What is the function of zinc in amalgam?

A

Deoxidizer

43
Q

What is the most toxic mercury?

A

Methyl mercury

Elemental mercury is what is in dental amalgam

44
Q

What type of amalgam must be condensed the most?

A

Shperical

45
Q

What happens when you over titrate amalgam?

A

Decreases setting expansion, increases strength

46
Q

T/F: Moisture contamination has no effect on amalgam.

A

False

Decreases strength

47
Q

When is it acceptable to leave unsupported enamel?

A

Class V

48
Q

T/F: The required isthmus is the same for an inlay and amalgam.

A

True

49
Q

What are the top two factors for retention form in an amalgam prep?

A
  1. BL walls converge

2. Retention groove/dovetail

50
Q

What is the top factor for resistance form in an amalgam prep?

A

Flat floors and rounded angles

51
Q

Doc says all amalgams should be replaced because they are toxic. What ethical principal is being violated?

A

Veracity

52
Q

T/F: Gold is both malleable and ductile.

A

True

Deforms under compressive and tensile strength

53
Q

Why bevel gold inlay?

A

Better marginal adaptability

54
Q

What is the weakest part of a cast gold restoration?

A

Cement layer

55
Q

When is a base metal recommended over gold?

A

FPD

56
Q

When can galvanic shock happen to tooth with gold crown?

A

When there is another metal on opposing tooth

57
Q

When should a cusp be included in the prep?

A

> 1/3 wide between cusps

58
Q

T/F: Axial walls are convergent on inlay and onlay preps.

A

True

59
Q

What is an indication for an inlay/onlay?

A

Low caries risk

60
Q

What are some indications for rubber dam use?

A

Adhesive procedures, quadrant dentistry, teeth with challenging preps, difficult patients

61
Q

What do the three different numbers indicate when identifying a hand instrument?

A

1st number: width of blade in 0.1 mm
2nd number: blade length in mm
3rd number: blade angle relative to long axis of handle

*sometimes a 4th number in-between 1st and 2nd indicates primary cutting edge angle

62
Q

For a dental hand instrument with a formula of 10-8.5-8, the number 10 refers to?

A

Width of the blade, in tenths of a mm

63
Q

T/F: During a Class I amalgam prep on a mandibular molar, the bur should be held parallel to the long axis of the tooth.

A

False

Long axis of the crown! The crown has a lingual tilt.

64
Q

What is the standard axial wall depth in a class II amalgam prep? What if the gingival floor goes into cementum?

A

Standard: 0.2-0.5mm internal to DEJ

Gingival floor in cementum: 0.75-0.8mm

65
Q

T/F: An occlusal bevel is often utilized to add to retention form of a Class I composite.

A

False

Retention from converging walls and bonding

66
Q

T/F: In a Class V amalgam, walls should converge and retention grooves should be placed at DEJ.

A

False

Walls often diverge in Class V amalgam. Retention grooves should be placed internal to DEJ.

67
Q

T/F: Amalgam preps should always result in amalgam and enamel margins at 90 degrees.

A

False.

Amalgam must be at least 90 degrees. Enamel should be at 90 degrees but sometimes this is not the case.

68
Q

What are some possible reasons for increased sensitivity after an amalgam restoration has been placed?

A

Hyperocclusion, voids, poor condensation (leads to voids), inadequate dentinal sealing

69
Q

T/F: Deep occlusal carving in amalgam is appropriate.

A

False

Can create weak points

70
Q

When carving amalgam at the cavosurface margin, what should the discoid carver rest on?

A

Should rest on unprepared enamel and be moved parallel to margin.

71
Q

In what sized increments can composite be polymerized?

A

1-2mm increments

72
Q

What happens during the trituration of amalgam?

A

The entire allow particle is coated in mercury, and a product being formed

73
Q

What is the half-life of mercury in the body?

A

55 days

74
Q

T/F: Self-etch removes less of the smear layer than total etch.

A

True

75
Q

T/F: Self-etch creates a weaker bond with enamel than total etch.

A

True

76
Q

T/F: Self etch requires a wet bonding.

A

False

May be required in some total etch

77
Q

T/F: Self etch systems take much less time to apply than total etch.

A

False
Although there are less materials, self etch often requires multiple applications. So self and total etch take about the same amount of time.

78
Q

What are the indications for restoring a cervical notch?

A

Moderate-severe sensitivity, esthetics, symptomatic

79
Q

T/F: Age is an indication for restoring a cervical notch.

A

False

80
Q

T/F: Slots and pins give similar retention.

A

True

81
Q

What is the proper depth of a slot for retention?

A

1mm

82
Q

What bur should be used to make a slot?

A

Inverted cone

83
Q

What is the only constant contraindication for composite?

A

Inability to isolate

84
Q

T/F: A cervical lesion being very sensitive is an indication for restoring.

A

True

85
Q

What are some characteristics of eburnated (sclerotic) dentin?

A

Darkened, firm, rough. Often seen in older patients. Indicates good oral hygiene

86
Q

A beveled shoulder design around a capped cusp of a gold only is termed a _______.

A

collar

Provides bracing

87
Q

What is a “skirt”?

A

Mini crown prep placed around a line angle in an onlay prep. Done with diamond bur. Increases retention and resistance. Contraindicated in esthetic areas.

NBDE Pt 2 (12 decks)

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