HIGH YIELD PHARM SUMMARY POINTS Flashcards

1
Q

Antianginal that only decreases afterload (SBP) and preload (LV volume)

A

nitrates

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2
Q

antianginal that
* decreases HR, contractilty, afterload
* increases preload (by decreasing HR & increasing SV)

hint: it is also a HF med

A

BB

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3
Q

antianginal that
* decreases HR but causes reflex tachy
* decreases afterload

A

DHP CCB

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4
Q

antianginal that
* decreases HR, contractility, SBP

A

non-DHP CCB

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5
Q

which class of antianginals has the greatest effect on contractility

A

non-DHP CCB

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6
Q

which antianginal has NO effect on HR, contractility, afterload or preload? how does it work?

A

ranolazine
works by blocking late Na+ channel to decrease myocardial tension

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7
Q

2 HF classes that
* decreases afterload & preload and does NOT cause reflex tachycardia

which one affects preload > afterload?

A
  • ace/arb/arni
  • AA– affects preload more than afterload
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8
Q

2 HF meds that
* decreases afterload & preload + causes reflex tachycardia

A

hydralazine/isdn

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9
Q

HF med that
* decreases HR
* increases contractility (the only positive oral chronotrope)
* increases LV volume

A

digoxin

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10
Q

1st & 2nd line for prinzmetal angina

A
  1. CCB
  2. nitrates
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11
Q

which formulation of NTG is tolerance a concern?

A

long acting? NTG

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12
Q

how long should you wait between NTG tablets to avoid hypotension

A

5 mins

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13
Q

3 things to assess antianginal efficacy

A
  • how often SL NTG is being taken
  • if theres less episodes
  • if theres less or no angina w/ exercise
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14
Q

effects of BB on exercise in SIHD

A

reduce exercise induced angina when dose is titrated to HR < 100 bpm during exercise

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15
Q

which two CCBs do NOT worsen HF

A

amlodipine
felodipine

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16
Q

which antianginal has ADR of high dose QT prolongation

A

ranolazine

17
Q

angioedema is an ADR of which 3 classes

A

ACE, ARB, ARNI

18
Q

bradycardia is an ADR of which 3 classes

A

BB, nonDHP, digoxin

19
Q

hyperkalemia is an ADR of which 4 classes

A

ACE, ARB, ARNI
aldosterone antagonist

20
Q

peripheral edema is a main ADR of which class

21
Q

reflex tachy is an ADR of which 2 classes

A

nitrates
CCB

22
Q

which med improves cardiac function in HFrEF by doing these things

  • decreases remodeling after MI
  • decreases HR
  • inhibits NE
  • prevents arrhythmiaas
A

evidence based beta blockers

23
Q

when would you want to switch from an ACE/ARB to an ARNI?

A
  • stage C
  • HFrEF w/ hemodynamic stability, no h/o angioedema

also needs to be able to afford it

23
Q

when would you want to switch from an ACE/ARB to an ARNI?

A
  • stage C
  • HFrEF w/ hemodynamic stability, no h/o angioedema

also needs to be able to afford it

24
BB is indicated with HF but why would you not want to use it if a patient is hypervolemic?
BB first make it worse before it gets better so you should only start it if the patient is euvolemic
25
how long is the washout period when switching from ACE to ARNI and why do we have a washout period?
* 36 hrs * we do it bc of risk of angioedema * we do NOT need one for ARBs
26
2 ways that spironolactone is beneficial in HF
* decreases risk for afib * prevents further cardiac fibrosis
27
what electrolyte is important to monitor in pt taking digoxin
potassium
28
which medication requires serum K+ < 5 mEq/L before initiation
spironolactone
29
4 med classes used in HFpEF
* aldosterone antagonist * SGLT2 inhibitor * ARNI * diuretics in stage C
30
when do you use milrinone in HF
for palliation of sx in stage D
31
# which HF med does this blocks PDE + increase cAMP = increase Calcium & contractility
milrinone
32
Synthetic catecholamine that targets B1 (&B2, A1) * increases contractility & peripheral vasodilation
dobutamine