High yield

Question 1

Pts creatinine clearance is slowly dropping over time what should you be doing?

Answer 1

Lowering dose of Antibiotic, because drug will continue to accumulate if not

Question 2

Penicillins and all of B-lactams target?

Answer 2

transpeptidase (late step in cell wall synthesis)

Question 3

the drug that targets transglycosylase (early step in cell wall synthesis)?

Answer 3

Vancomycin!!! (only kills gram positives!!! too big!!!)

Question 4

Why do some antibiotics only kill gram positives?

Answer 4

cant fit through the pore of gram negative bacteria

Question 5

Is clavulanic acid + amoxicillin an example of synergy?

Answer 5

NO, because clavulanic acid can not kill bacteria by itself!! (clavulanic acid acts like a booster to amoxicillin)

Question 6

What does Benzathine pen G do?

Answer 6

increases half life

Question 7

What do you treat syphyllis (treponema pallidum) with?

Answer 7

Benzathine Pen G, (A SLOW RELEASE FORM OF PENICILLIN, or A penicillin with a long half life, A B-lactam formulated to have a long half life)

Question 8

What do you treat Neisseria Gonorrhea with?

Answer 8

Ceftriaxone

Question 9

What do you treat chlamydia trachomatis with?

Answer 9

Azithromycin or Doxycycline

Question 10

ANti-staph pens kill what?

Answer 10

Staph (MSSA)

Question 11

Pen G kills what?

Answer 11

Gram + cocci and treponema

Question 12

Amoxicillin kills what?

Answer 12

gram + and some gram - (OTITIS MEDIA/ EAR INFECTIONS)

Question 13

How does MRSA get its resistance?

Answer 13

Modify the PBPs

Question 14

Anti-pseudomonal pens kill what?

Answer 14

pseudomonas and lots of gram- (BROADEST SPECTRUM of all PENS)

Question 15

If you want to kill MRSA what do you want to use?

Answer 15

DRUG OF CHOICE FOR MRSA= CEFTAROLINE

Question 16

If you dont know what pt has and you want to give imperic treatment… what do you give?

Answer 16

Imipinem

Question 17

Add antibiotic to a culture, you saw growth stop, but took antibiotic away and there was growth again…

Answer 17

Bacteriostatic

Question 18

Add antibiotic to a culture, and you see a drop in # of organisms?

Answer 18

Bacteriocidal

Question 19

What does a penicillin bind to?

Answer 19

PBP: Penicillin binding protein

Question 20

ONe type of penicillin that can survive an organism thats producing B-lactamase?

Answer 20

Anti-staphs (nafcillin)

Question 21

Drugs not eliminated by kidney (not adjusted in renal failure?

Answer 21

Cephtriaxone
Doxycycline
Metronidazole

Question 22

Which penicillin below has broadest spectrum of activity?

Answer 22

Anti-pseudomonal

Question 23

Which penicillin below has narrowest spectrum?

Answer 23

Anti-staphs

Question 24

If you want to kill MRSA, do you want to give a penicillin? no, why?

Answer 24

Modify PBPs

Question 25

What drug do you give a neonate with meningitis?

Answer 25

Cefotaxime

Question 26

What is the drug for meningitis?

Answer 26

Ax's Ceftriaxone for adults Cefotaxime for neonates

Question 27

Pt comes in with serious life threatening infection, we start on imipinem, why? Pts kidney function is monitored and starts as normal, but then starts to decline, what are they at an increased risk for?

Answer 27

Imipinem is very broad | Seizures

Question 28

Want to kill pseudomonas what drug do you give?

Answer 28

"2 drug bug" | pipericillin and Gentamicin

Question 29

If pt has C. diff superinfection, then you suspect it is cause by what?

Answer 29

Clindamycin | Give metronidazole

Question 30

What drugs are static?

Answer 30

PSIs except for AMinoglycosides and sulfonamides

Question 31

2 examples of synergy?

Answer 31

TMP-SMX | Penicillin and Gentamicin

Question 32

Drugs that are cidal vs. static w/ antibiotics?

Answer 32

Penicillins and DNA antibiotics are cidal | PSIs (except aminoglycosides) and antifolates are static

Question 33

Chlamydia drug?

Answer 33

Azithromycin

Question 34

Gonorrhea drug?

Answer 34

Ceftriaxone

Question 35

Syphyllis drug?

Answer 35

Bezathine Penicillin G

Question 36

Why take Vitamin B6?

Answer 36

to overcome peripheral neuritis (Isoniazid looks like Vit B6 deficiency)

Question 37

What causes hyperuricemia?

Answer 37

Pyrazinamide and Loops and Thiazides

Question 38

what is rifampins main side effect?

Answer 38

REd orange urine (P450 inducer)

Question 39

Prophylaxis for MAC?

Answer 39

CAR Clarithromycin Azithromycin Rifabutin

Question 40

Pt has a fluke... what is preffered?

Answer 40

Praziquantel,,,,,,hllhlhlhlhhhlhllhlhlhlhlhhlhhlhlhlhlhlhllhhlhllhllhh

Question 41

Pt has a fluke... put on praziquantel what is its action?

Answer 41

Increase membrane permeability to calcium... muscles contract and cause paralysis

Question 42

Which reverse transcriptase inhibitor is not a prodrug?

Answer 42

Efavirenz

Question 43

Pt is on a combination of drugs, one of those drugs causes central adiposity and hyperglycemia, which virus were they being treated for, and what drug were they on?

Answer 43

Protease Inhibitor for HIV (AVIRS)

Question 44

Pt has a very painful rash in a dermatomal pattern?

Answer 44

Shingles

Question 45

Which ovir is useful in TK- strains?

Answer 45

Cidofovir

Question 46

WHich ovir has a side effect of bone marrow suppression?

Answer 46

Gancyclovir (Gangcyclovir gangs up on bone marrow)

Question 47

WHich 2 drugs are used for CMV retinitis?

Answer 47

Gancyclovir | Foscarnet

Question 48

Which B lactam is going to kill MRSA?

Answer 48

Cephtaroline

Question 49

Pt on antiarrythmic and is being monitored fro thyroid function, what drug are they on?

Answer 49

Amiodarone

Question 50

Most commonly used drug for stable angina?

Answer 50

Nitroglycerin

Question 51

Most commonly used drug to prevent stable angina?

Answer 51

Beta blockers (DONT USE WITH VASOSPASTIC ANGINA)

Question 52

Obvious antidote for warfarin overdose?

Answer 52

Vitamin K

Question 53

MAtch up diuretics with site of action? Acetazolamide | Furosemide, HCTZ, Spironolactone

Answer 53

Acetazolamide (PCT), Furosemide (Loop of henle- TAL), HCTZ (DCT), Spironolactone (Collecting duct)

Question 54

Which drug increases K+? K+ sparing?

Answer 54

Spironolactone