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PHARM B12 DRUGS > High yield > Flashcards

High yield Flashcards

1
Q

Pts creatinine clearance is slowly dropping over time what should you be doing?

A

Lowering dose of Antibiotic, because drug will continue to accumulate if not

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2
Q

Penicillins and all of B-lactams target?

A

transpeptidase (late step in cell wall synthesis)

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3
Q

the drug that targets transglycosylase (early step in cell wall synthesis)?

A

Vancomycin!!! (only kills gram positives!!! too big!!!)

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4
Q

Why do some antibiotics only kill gram positives?

A

cant fit through the pore of gram negative bacteria

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5
Q

Is clavulanic acid + amoxicillin an example of synergy?

A

NO, because clavulanic acid can not kill bacteria by itself!! (clavulanic acid acts like a booster to amoxicillin)

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6
Q

What does Benzathine pen G do?

A

increases half life

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7
Q

What do you treat syphyllis (treponema pallidum) with?

A

Benzathine Pen G, (A SLOW RELEASE FORM OF PENICILLIN, or A penicillin with a long half life, A B-lactam formulated to have a long half life)

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8
Q

What do you treat Neisseria Gonorrhea with?

A

Ceftriaxone

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9
Q

What do you treat chlamydia trachomatis with?

A

Azithromycin or Doxycycline

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10
Q

ANti-staph pens kill what?

A

Staph (MSSA)

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11
Q

Pen G kills what?

A

Gram + cocci and treponema

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12
Q

Amoxicillin kills what?

A

gram + and some gram - (OTITIS MEDIA/ EAR INFECTIONS)

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13
Q

How does MRSA get its resistance?

A

Modify the PBPs

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14
Q

Anti-pseudomonal pens kill what?

A

pseudomonas and lots of gram- (BROADEST SPECTRUM of all PENS)

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15
Q

If you want to kill MRSA what do you want to use?

A

DRUG OF CHOICE FOR MRSA= CEFTAROLINE

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16
Q

If you dont know what pt has and you want to give imperic treatment… what do you give?

A

Imipinem

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17
Q

Add antibiotic to a culture, you saw growth stop, but took antibiotic away and there was growth again…

A

Bacteriostatic

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18
Q

Add antibiotic to a culture, and you see a drop in # of organisms?

A

Bacteriocidal

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19
Q

What does a penicillin bind to?

A

PBP: Penicillin binding protein

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20
Q

ONe type of penicillin that can survive an organism thats producing B-lactamase?

A

Anti-staphs (nafcillin)

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21
Q

Drugs not eliminated by kidney (not adjusted in renal failure?

A

Cephtriaxone
Doxycycline
Metronidazole

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22
Q

Which penicillin below has broadest spectrum of activity?

A

Anti-pseudomonal

23
Q

Which penicillin below has narrowest spectrum?

A

Anti-staphs

24
Q

If you want to kill MRSA, do you want to give a penicillin? no, why?

A

Modify PBPs

25
Q

What drug do you give a neonate with meningitis?

A

Cefotaxime

26
Q

What is the drug for meningitis?

A

Ax’s
Ceftriaxone for adults
Cefotaxime for neonates

27
Q

Pt comes in with serious life threatening infection, we start on imipinem, why?
Pts kidney function is monitored and starts as normal, but then starts to decline, what are they at an increased risk for?

A

Imipinem is very broad

Seizures

28
Q

Want to kill pseudomonas what drug do you give?

A

“2 drug bug”

pipericillin and Gentamicin

29
Q

If pt has C. diff superinfection, then you suspect it is cause by what?

A

Clindamycin

Give metronidazole

30
Q

What drugs are static?

A

PSIs except for AMinoglycosides and sulfonamides

31
Q

2 examples of synergy?

A

TMP-SMX

Penicillin and Gentamicin

32
Q

Drugs that are cidal vs. static w/ antibiotics?

A

Penicillins and DNA antibiotics are cidal

PSIs (except aminoglycosides) and antifolates are static

33
Q

Chlamydia drug?

A

Azithromycin

34
Q

Gonorrhea drug?

A

Ceftriaxone

35
Q

Syphyllis drug?

A

Bezathine Penicillin G

36
Q

Why take Vitamin B6?

A

to overcome peripheral neuritis (Isoniazid looks like Vit B6 deficiency)

37
Q

What causes hyperuricemia?

A

Pyrazinamide and Loops and Thiazides

38
Q

what is rifampins main side effect?

A

REd orange urine (P450 inducer)

39
Q

Prophylaxis for MAC?

A

CAR
Clarithromycin
Azithromycin
Rifabutin

40
Q

Pt has a fluke… what is preffered?

A

Praziquantel,,,,,,hllhlhlhlhhhlhllhlhlhlhlhhlhhlhlhlhlhlhllhhlhllhllhh

41
Q

Pt has a fluke… put on praziquantel what is its action?

A

Increase membrane permeability to calcium… muscles contract and cause paralysis

42
Q

Which reverse transcriptase inhibitor is not a prodrug?

A

Efavirenz

43
Q

Pt is on a combination of drugs, one of those drugs causes central adiposity and hyperglycemia, which virus were they being treated for, and what drug were they on?

A

Protease Inhibitor for HIV (AVIRS)

44
Q

Pt has a very painful rash in a dermatomal pattern?

A

Shingles

45
Q

Which ovir is useful in TK- strains?

A

Cidofovir

46
Q

WHich ovir has a side effect of bone marrow suppression?

A

Gancyclovir (Gangcyclovir gangs up on bone marrow)

47
Q

WHich 2 drugs are used for CMV retinitis?

A

Gancyclovir

Foscarnet

48
Q

Which B lactam is going to kill MRSA?

A

Cephtaroline

49
Q

Pt on antiarrythmic and is being monitored fro thyroid function, what drug are they on?

A

Amiodarone

50
Q

Most commonly used drug for stable angina?

A

Nitroglycerin

51
Q

Most commonly used drug to prevent stable angina?

A

Beta blockers (DONT USE WITH VASOSPASTIC ANGINA)

52
Q

Obvious antidote for warfarin overdose?

A

Vitamin K

53
Q

MAtch up diuretics with site of action? Acetazolamide

Furosemide, HCTZ, Spironolactone

A

Acetazolamide (PCT), Furosemide (Loop of henle- TAL), HCTZ (DCT), Spironolactone (Collecting duct)

54
Q

Which drug increases K+? K+ sparing?

A

Spironolactone

PHARM B12 DRUGS (3 decks)

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