High Cholesterol Flashcards
What is cholesterol?
A soft, white waxy substance made by the liver and carried in the blood to all the cells
Cholesterol is essential for forming part of cell membranes and building healthy cells.
Why does the body need cholesterol?
It forms part of cell membranes and is used to build healthy cells.
What is the risk associated with high blood cholesterol?
Increases the risk of heart disease.
What can high blood cholesterol lead to in terms of arterial health?
Build-up of fatty plaque on the inner walls of the arteries, obstructing blood flow.
What can happen if the heart does not receive enough oxygen-rich blood?
It can cause a heart attack.
What does LDL stand for and what is its role?
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; it is considered bad cholesterol that builds up on artery walls.
What does HDL stand for and what is its function?
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; it is considered good cholesterol that carries excess cholesterol to the liver to be broken down and excreted.
List some causes of high blood cholesterol.
- Lack of physical activity
- Diet high in saturated fats
- Overweight
- Smoking and drinking
- Genetics
What are some methods for prevention and management of high blood cholesterol?
- Healthy body weight
- Balanced diet
- Limit saturated fats
- Eat unsaturated fats
- Avoid trans fatty acids
- Limit red meat and increase fish intake
- Limit salt and sugar
What are trans fats?
Extremely unhealthy fats that undergo chemical changes.
What is the effect of saturated fats on blood cholesterol?
They increase blood cholesterol.
What is the origin of unsaturated fats and their effect on cholesterol?
Fats of plant origin that reduce LDL.
What does the heart mark indicate about food?
- Low cholesterol
- Low in saturated fats
- Low in sodium
- Low in added sugar
- High in fibre
