Hiearchy of muscle structure

Question 1

what is the hiearchy of muscle from smallest to largest?

Answer 1

1. myofilament
   2.myofibril
   3.Muscle cell/fiber
   4.fascicle
   5.whole muscle

Question 2

What is a myofilament?

Answer 2

an individual protein that provide structure to skeletal muscle and help with CONTRACTION and regulating contraction

Question 3

actin is a ____ fiament

Answer 3

thin

Question 4

what is actin?

Answer 4

a contractile protein that binds with myosin to generate force

Question 5

what is tropomyosin?

Answer 5

a regulatary protein that wraps around actin

Question 5

What is troponin?

Answer 5

a regulatory protein that binds to actin and serves as a Ca+ receptor and pushes tropomyosin OFF active binding sites changing shape

Question 6

What are the three types of troponin?

Answer 6

1. troponin T (TnT)
2. Troponin I (TnI)
   3.Troponin C (tnC)

Question 6

What does troponin T (TnT) do?

Answer 6

binds to tropomyosin to lock actin and tropomyosin together

Question 7

what does troponin I (TnI) do?

Answer 7

binds to actin to lock actin and tropomyosin together

Question 8

what does troponin C do?

Answer 8

binds with Ca+ and moves tropomyosin OFF active binding sites which changes shape

Question 9

What are the thin filaments?

Answer 9

Actin
tropomyosin
troponin

Question 10

what are the thick filaments?

Answer 10

myosin
myofibril
muscle cell/fiber

Question 11

What is myosin?

Answer 11

-main component of thick filaments
-CONTRACTILE protein thats binds with actin to generate force

Question 12

For 1 myosin there are ____ actin

Answer 12

explanation: for evrery ONE thick filament, there are SIX thick filaments

Question 13

what do structural filaments do?

Answer 13

help with allignment of thick and thin fillaments

Question 14

what is a myofibril?

Answer 14

a bundle of myofilaments

Question 15

The ____ is the functional unit of a myofibril

Answer 15

sacromere

Question 16

Part of a sacromere:
Z-disk/line

Answer 16

the edge

Question 17

Part of a sacromere:
M-line

Answer 17

the center

Question 18

part of a sacromere:
I band

Answer 18

JUST actin

Question 19

part of a sacromere:
H-zone

Answer 19

just Myosin

Question 20

part of a sacromere:
A band

Answer 20

myosin and actin overlap

Question 21

which band gets smaller when a muscle contracts?

Answer 21

I band gets smaller at contraction

Question 22

which band gets larger when muscle contracts?

Answer 22

A band get larger

Question 23

Part of a mucle cell:
Sarcolemma

Answer 23

the muscle cell plasma membrane

Question 24

Part of a mucle cell:
Satellite cell

Answer 24

other type of muscle cell that regulates growth and mucular adaptations

Question 25

Part of a mucle cell:
transverse tubules

Answer 25

highways for APs that run inward from sarcloemma to myofibrils

Question 26

Part of a mucle cell:
Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)

Answer 26

network of tube that surrond myofibrils and are the STOREHOUSE for calcium

Question 27

Part of a mucle cell:
Terminal cisternae

Answer 27

enlarged portions of the SR for Calcium (Ca+) strorage

Question 28

Part of a mucle cell:
Mitochondria

Answer 28

factories that produce ATP using O2

Question 29

Part of a mucle cell:
Nuclei

Answer 29

control center for muscle cell/fiber

Question 30

What is a fascicle made up of?

Answer 30

a bundle of mucle cells/fibers

Question 31

what is a whole muscle made up of?

Answer 31

a bundle of fascicles

Question 32

How does tropomyosin act in a relaxed muscle?

Answer 32

tropomyosin blocks active binding sites on actin which prevents myosin from binding with actin

Question 33

How does tropmyosin act in presence of Calcium?

Answer 33

it gets pushed off active binding sites so myosin and actin can bind which then generates muscle force

Question 34

collagen, elastin, titin, nebulin, myomesin, and dystrophin are all…

Answer 34

structural filaments

Question 35

Where is the mitochondria is a muscle cell?

Answer 35

in the muscle sarcoplasm