HHD AOS 2

Question 1

What are the six categories of nutrients?

Answer 1

• Carbohydrates (including fibre)
• protein
• fats
• vitamins such as vitamin D and B-group vitamins.
• minerals such as calcium, sodium and iron.
• water

Question 2

What is a macronutrient?

Answer 2

Nutrients that is required by the body in large amounts.

Question 3

What is a micronutrient?

Answer 3

Nutrients that are required by the body in small amounts.

Question 4

What is a function of a carbohydrate?

Answer 4

The main function of a carbohydrate is to provide fuel for the body.

Question 5

Which fuel is preferred for the body?

Answer 5

Glucose is the preferred fuel for the body. Carbohydrates are rich in glucose.

Question 6

What are some major food sources of carbs?

Answer 6

• vegetables
• rice
• bread
• pasta
• cereals
• fruits (such as oranges, grapes and bananas)

Question 7

What is a function of fibre?

Answer 7

Reduces cholesterol levels. Fibre reduces the amount of cholesterol absorbed by the body, which reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease later in life.

Question 8

What are some major food sources of fibre?

Answer 8

• bran
• wholemeal bread
• grains and seeds
• fruit and vegetables, preferably raw or with skins on (excellent sources include raspberries, apples, bananas, oranges, potatoes, broccoli and corn).

Question 9

What is the function of protein?

Answer 9

• Repair body cells

- Act as a fuel for producing energy

Question 10

What are some major food sources of protein? (animal)

Answer 10

• eggs
• milk, cheese and other dairy products (except cream)
• beef
• chicken and other poultry
• fish and seafood.

Question 11

What are some major food sources of protein? (plant)

Answer 11

• soy products (tofu and soy milk)
• legumes
• nuts
• wholegrain cereals
• brown rice.

Question 12

What is the function of fats?

Answer 12

Fats develop and maintain the cell membrane as well as acting as a fuel for energy.

Question 13

What are ‘good fats’?

Answer 13

Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats.

Question 14

What is the function of a monounsaturated fat?

Answer 14

Assist in lowering of LDLs cholesterol and can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Question 15

What are some major food sources of monounsaturated fats?

Answer 15

Olive oil, canola oil, avocado, nuts, fried goods.

Question 16

What is the function of a polyunsaturated fat?

Answer 16

Similar function to monounsaturated fats. Omega 6 reduces blood clotting and reduces the risk of a heart attack.

Question 17

What are some major food sources of polyunsaturated fats?

Answer 17

Fish and most nuts and seeds.

Question 18

What are ‘bad fats’?

Answer 18

Transaturated and saturated fat.

Question 19

What is the function of a transaturated fat?

Answer 19

Increases LDL cholesterol and can contribute to cardiovascular disease.

Question 20

What are some major food sources of transaturated fats?

Answer 20

Some commercially baked and processed foods.

Question 21

What is the function of a saturated fat?

Answer 21

Increases LDL cholesterol and can decrease HDL cholesterol which can contribute to cardiovascular disease.

Question 22

What is the function of water?

Answer 22

Water is required for a number of bodily functions including:

• As a medium for all chemical reactions required to provide energy.
• As a key component of many cells, tissues, blood and systems.
• The preferred source of hydration

Question 23

What are some major food sources of water?

Answer 23

Pure water, Watermelon, Apple, Orange, Lettuce & Cucumber

Question 24

What is the function of calcium?

Answer 24

Builds the bone and other hard tissues.