HGE TERMS Flashcards
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A flow in which the velocity of the fluid at a particular fixed point does not change?
Steady
A component of rock or soil which is independent of interparticle friction?
A. Adhesion
B. Cohesion
C. Plasticity
D. Skin Friction
B. Cohesion
A phenomenon in which the strength and stiffness of a soil is reduced by earthquake shaking or raid loading.
Liquefaction
A pile of sand keeps from spreading out like a liquid because the weight of the sand keeps the grains stuck together in their current arrangement, mostly out of static friction. The weight and pressure is called ______.
Effective Stress
Which of the following is not a soil component?
A. Organic materials
B. Minerals
C. Gas
D. None of these
C. Gas
According to USCS, what do you call a soil grain with grain size greater than 4.75 mm but less than 75 mm?
Gravel
Which of the following does not affect the settlement of the soil?
A. Location of GWT
B. Depth of backfill
C. Plasticity of the soil
D. None of these
D. None of these
A line joining the points of highest elevation of water in a series of vertical open pipes rising from a pipeline in which water flows under pressure is referred to as:
Hydraulic Gradient
The pressure exerted onto a liquid is transmitted equally and undiminished to all portions of the liquid. This principle in fluid mechanics is known as:
Pascals
In any stream flowing steadily without friction the total energy contained is the same at every points in its flow. This principle is attributed to:
Bernoulli
What is the largest grain size that may pass through a no. 200 sieve?
0.074 mm
Which of the following is not a characteristic of cohesive soil?
A. Possess low shear strength
B. Practically permeable
C. Plastic and compressible
D. Decrease shear strength when disturbed
A. Possess low shear strength
When the path lines of the individual particles of a flowing liquid are irregular curves and continually cross each other and form a complicated network, the flow is called:
A. Uniform
B. Laminar
C. Continuous
D. Turbulent
D. Turbulent
Volume change in saturated soils caused by the expulsion of pore water from loading?
A. Initial Consolidation
B. Primary Consolidation
C. Secondary Consolidation
D. None of the above
B. Primary Consolidation
According to NSCP, cut and fill slopes must not be steeper than:
A. 1 to 3
B. 1 to 1
C. 1 to 5
D. 1 to 2
D. 1 to 2
A decrease in water content results in a reduction of the volume of soil in:
A. Liquid state
B. Plastic state
C. Semi-solid state
D. All of these
D. All of these
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a cohesionless soil?
A. Easy to compact
B. High shear strength
C. Prone to settlement due to vibrating load
D. Practically impermeable
D. Practically impermeable
In accordance with the USCS, a soil having a size greater than No. 200 sieve opening (0.074) but less than that of a No. 4 sieve (4.75 mm opening) called:
Sand
In standard penetration test, medium dense sand have number of blows of:
A. 4 to 10
B. 10 to 30
C. 30 to 50
D. over 50
B. 10 to 30
Type of flow where the flow rate does not change over time.
A. Continuous Flow
B. Laminar Flow
C. Steady Flow
D. Uniform Flow
C. Steady Flow
The best hydraulic cross-section for a trapezoidal channel of base width b is one for which the length of the side edge of the flow section is:
A. b
B. b.2
C. 2b
D. sqrt(3)*b
A. b
The admixture of coarser particles like sand or silt to clay causes:
A. Decrease in liquid limit and increase in plasticity index
B. Decrease in liquid limit and no change in plasticity index
C. Decrease in both liquid limit and plasticity index
D. Increase in both liquid limit and plasticity index
C. Decrease in both liquid limit and plasticity index
Type of flow where the mean velocity of flow for a given length or reach is the same at every cross-section.
A. Continuous flow
B. Laminar flow
C. Steady Flow
D. Uniform Flow
D. Uniform flow
Uninterrupted flow in a fluid near a solid boundary in which the direction of flow at every point remains constant:
A. Continuous flow
B. Laminar flow
C. Steady flow
D. Uniform flow
B. Laminar flow
Type of flow where at any time, the discharge or flow rate at every section of the stream is the same:
A. Continuous flow
B. Steady flow
C. Critical flow
D. Uniform flow
A. Continous flow
Type of flow in which, for a fixed rate of flow, the specific energy is minimum:
Critical flow
Type of flow in which the fluid particles rotate about their own axis while flowing along the streamlined:
A. Rotational flow
B. Steady flow
C. Irrotational flow
D. Incompressible flow
A. Rotational flow
Which is true for porosity?
A. 0 < n < 100
B. 0 <= n <= 100
C. c <= n
D. 0 < n
A. 0 < n < 100
Which is true for void ratio?
A. 0 < e < 100
B. 0 <= e <= 100
C. c <= e
D. 0 < e
D. 0 < e
Which is true for degree of saturation?
A. 0 < S < 100
B. 0 <= S <= 100
C. c <= S
D. 0 < S
B. 0 <= S <= 100
When the seepage pressure becomes equal to the pressure due to the submerged weight of the soil, the effective pressure is reduced to zero and the soil particles have a tendency to move up in the direction of flow. This phenomenon is called:
A. Quicksand condition
B. Boiling condition
C. Quick sand
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
What is soil in civil engineering?
A. The material in a relatively thin surface zone within roots occur
B. The unaggregated and uncemented deposits of minerals and organic particles covering the earth’s surface
C. The substance existing on the earth’s surface, which grows and develops plants
D. None of the above
B. The unaggregated and uncemented deposits of minerals and organic particles covering the earth’s surface
Where is the metacenter for stable equilibrium?
A. above the center of gravity
B. at the center of gravity
C. below the center of gravity
D. one half of the total draft
A. above the center of gravity
When the metacenter of a floating body is lower than the center of gravity, then the body will be in?
A. unstable equilibrium
B. stable equilibrium
C. neutral equilibrium
D. none of the above
B. unstable equilibrium
The metacentric height is the distance between the:
A. center of gravity of the floating body and the center of buoyancy
B. center of gravity of the floating body and the metacenter
C. metacenter and the center of buoyancy
D. original center of buoyancy and the new center of buoyancy
B. center of gravity of the floating body and the metacenter
The vena contracta of a circular orifice is approximately _____ diameter downstream from the inner face of the orifice plate.
A. 1/2
B. 1.3
C. 1/4
D. 2/3
A. 1/2
When the ship’s metacenter and center of gravity coincide at same point then the vessel is said to be in:
A. unstable equilibrium
B. stable equilibrium
C. neutral equilibrium
D. none of the above
C. neutral equilibrium
An index used to identify the swelling potential of clay soils is called:
A. Plasticity Index
B. Liquidity Index
C. Consistency Index
D. Activity
D. Activity
The average coefficient of permeability of natural deposits:
A. Parallel to stratification is always greater than that perpendicular to stratification
B. Parallel to stratification is always less than that perpendicular to stratification
C. Is always same in both directions
D. Parallel to stratification may or may not be greater than that perpendicular to stratification
A. Parallel to stratification is always greater than that perpendicular to stratification
Rise of water table above the ground surface causes:
A. Equal increase in pore water pressure and total stress
B. Equal decrease in pore water pressure and total stress
C. Increase in pore water pressure pressure but decrease in total stress
D. Decrease in pore water pressure but increase in total stress
A. Equal increase in pore water pressure and total stress
The shear strength of a soil:
A. Is directly proportional to the angle of internal friction of the soil
B. Is inversely proportional to the angle of internal friction of the soil
C. Decreases with increase in normal stress
D. Decrease with decrease in normal stress
D. Decrease with decrease in normal stress
The coefficient of compressibility of soil, is the ratio of:
A. Stress to strain
B. Strain to stress
C. Stress to settlement
D. Rate of loading to that of settlement
B. Strain to stress
The fraction of soils passing which sieve number is used for Atterberg Limits of soils:
A. 60
B. 30
C. 50
D. 40
D. 40
Coefficient of consolidation of a soil is affected by:
A. Compressibility
B. Permeability
C. Both compressibility and permeability
D. None
C. Both compressibility and permeability
If the sand in-situ in its densest state, then the relative density of sand is:
A. Zero
B. 1
C. Between 0 and 1
D. Greater than 1
B. 1
Accurate determination of water content, is made by:
A. Buckling concrete method
B. Sand bath method
C. Andei DK bath method
D. Oven-drying method
D. Oven-drying method
A cohesive soil deposit is considered stiff if the unconfined compression strength, in kPa, is between
A. 0 to 25
B. 50 to 100
C. 100 to 200
D. 25 to 50
C. 100 to 200
A cohesive soil deposit is considered soft if the unconfined compression strength, in kPa, is between
A. 0 to 25
B. 50 to 100
C. 100 to 200
D. 25 to 50
D. 25 to 50
A cohesive soil deposit is considered very soft if the unconfined compression strength, in kPa, is between
A. 0 to 25
B. 50 to 100
C. 100 to 200
D. 25 to 50
A. 0 to 25
The volume of a gas at constant temperature varies inversely as the pressure applied to the gas. This principle is attributed to:
A. Boyle
B. Pascal
C. Archimedes
D. Bernoulli
A. Boyle