HGE Flashcards
A pressure surge or wave caused when a fluid in motion is forced to stop or change direction suddenly (momentum change)
water hammer
A line joining the points of highest elevation of water in series of vertical open pipes rising from a pipeline in which water flows under pressure
Hydraulic grade line
Does not affect the bearing capacity of soil
Load imposed
ratio of inertia force of a flowing fluid and the viscous force of the liquid
Reynolds number
An orifice is called a large orifice if water head is
5 times diameter of orifice
Fluids change the volume under external pressure due to
compressibility
The coefficient of compressibility of soil is the ratio of
strain to stresses
The seepage force in a soil is
Perpendicular to equipotential lines
Proportional to exit gradient
Proportional to headloss
NOT a characteristic of cohesionless soil
Practically impermeable
Ideal fluid is
Frictionless and incompressible
A rise or fall of liquid in a glass tube of a very small diameter when dipped is
Directly proportional to the Unit weight of liquid
Atmospheric pressure varies with
Altitude
Temperature
Weather conditions
Falling drops of water becomes spheres due to
Surface tension
Excavations in open cuts in excess of _______ depth shall have adequately design shoring in support
1.5m
If the footprint area of structure is 500m^2 the minimum number of borehole/s
2
The shear strength of a soil:
Increases with increase in normal stress
Triaxial shear test acts on what axis?
all plane axis except x and y axis.
In what plane is the additional stress (deviator stress) can affect the shear stress?
Horizontal
What test is not performed in laboratory?
Vane test
In AASHTO, soil greater than 75mm is classified as:
Cobbles
Nc, Nq, Ngamma are functions of
Internal Friction
Molecules of liquids gets attracted to
surface tension
Where is the metacenter for stable equilibrium
above the center of gravity
The shear strength of the cohesionless soil is
Proportional to the tangent of the angle of shearing resistance
The intensity of vertical stress, at a depth due to a point load acting on the surface of a semi infinite elastic soil mass is
Directly proportional to the square of depth
When the metacenter of a floating body is lower than the center of gravity, then the body will be in
unstable equilibrium
the metacentric height is the distance between the
center of the gravity of the floating body and the metacenter
Negative skin friction on piles
caused by soft clay
decreases the pile capacity
caused due to relative settlement of soil
Specific weight of liquid
does not vary on any other planet
In civil engineering, soil is
uncemented aggregate
the weight per unit volume of a liquid at a standard temperature and pressure is called:
specific weight
Total pressure on top of a closed cylindrical vessel completely filled with liquid is directly proportional to
(radius)^4
Known as the average diameter
D50
Compression index of soil
Increase with an increase in the liquid limit
Unlike Particles
Adhesion
Like Particles
Cohesion
Rapid curing of asphalt is formed by cutting asphalt cement
Petroleum
A soil mass is said to be in plastic equilibrium
Verge of failure
Practical fluid
Viscosity
Surface Tension
Compressibility
Moisture driven by heat
hydroscopic water
The flow in which liquid particles has a definite path and path of adjacent particles do not cross
Stream line flow
of borehole - 50 m^2
1
of borehole - 500 m^2
2
of borehole - 1800 m^2
4
of borehole - 3200 m^2
6
of borehole - 7400m^2
8
Soil shall be considered expansive if plasticity index is _____ or greater
15
Soil shall be considered expansive if the soil particle pass a No. 200 sieve is more than
10%
Confining pressure resulting from the fill and exceed swell pressure by
20%
A fill shall be compacted A minimum of _____ test for every 500m^2
3
