HESI Exam Flashcards
After a 4-year-old child undergoes craniotomy, the nurse performs a neurological assessment that includes level of consciousness, pupillary activity, and reflex activity. Which would the nurse include in this assessment?
A. Blood pressure
B. Motor function
C. Rectal temperature
D. Head circumference
B. Motor function
Which is the purpose of encouraging active leg and foot exercises for a client who has had hip surgery?
A. Maintain muscle strength
B. Reduce leg discomfort
C. Prevent clot formation
D. Improve wound healing
C. Prevent clot formation
Which characteristics are commonly associated with adolescent depression? SATA
— exercising daily
— having suicidal ideation
— exhibiting tearfulness
— having poor muscle tone
— avoiding previously enjoyed activities and relationships
— having suicidal ideation
— exhibiting tearfulness
— avoiding previously enjoyed activities and relationships
For a hyperactive, manic client who exhibits flight of ideas, which rationale explains why the client is not eating?
A. Feels undeserving of the food
B. Is too busy to take time to eat
C. Wishes to avoid others in the dining area
D. Believes that the food is poisoned
B. Is too busy to take time to eat
Which type of continuing care would a client expect if discharged home with an infusion device to continue treatment for a leg wound?
A. Home care
B. Rehab
C. Skilled nursing care
D. Outpatient therapy
A. Home care
A client diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) states, “I’m not worried because they have a cure for AIDS.” Which response should the nurse use?
A. “Repeated phlebotomies may be able to rid you of the virus
B. “You may be cured for AIDS after prolonged pharmacological therapy”
C. “Perhaps you should have worn condoms to prevent contracting the virus”
D. “There is no cure for AIDS, but there are medications that can slow down the virus”
D. “There is no cure for AIDS, but there are medications that can slow down the virus”
Which disorder is caused by the deficiency of ADH?
A. Acromegaly
B. Diabetes
C. Cushing syndrome
D. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
B. Diabetes
How are profits used in a for-profit health care organization?
A. Profits are paid out to shareholders
B. Profits are used to buy new equipment
C. Profits are used to build additional facilities
D. Profits are invested in improving health care services
A. Profits are paid out to shareholders
*non-profit organizations, profits are used to buy new equipment, build additional facilities, and improve healthcare services
Which conditions are the greatest risk for injury for an adolescent? SATA
— poisoning
— abduction
— home accidents
— substance abuse
— motor vehicle accidents
— substance abuse
— motor vehicle accidents
*substance abuse and motor vehicle accidents post the greatest risk of injury among adolescents. Poisoning and child abduction are more common among toddlers and preschoolers. Home accidents are common among toddlers as well
Which criteria would the nurse consider when determining if an infection is a health care-associated infection?
A. Originated primarily from an exogenous source
B. Is associated with a medication-resistant microorganism
C. Occurred in conjunction with treatment for an illness
D. Still has the infection despite completing the prescribed therapy
C. Occurred in conjunction with treatment for an illness
To keep the client with Alzheimer disease who has hyperorality safe, which parameter would the nurse have the staff closely monitor?
A. For choking at meal times
B. For the prescience of mouth ulcers
C. For injuries from touching hot foods
D. For attempts at eating inedible objects
D. For attempts at eating inedible objects
*hyperorality is the compulsive need to taste, chew, and put everything in the mouth
What is the causative organism for syphilis?
A. Treponema pallidum
B. Campylobacter jejuni
C. Trichomonas vaginalis
D. Chlamydia trachomatis
A. Treponema pallidum
Answer b is the causative organism for proctitis
Answer c for vulvovaginitis
Answer d for salpingitis
A client with COPD has a blood pH of 7.25, and a partial pressure of PCO2 of 60. Which complication would the nurse suspect the client is experiencing?
A. Metabolic acidosis
B. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Respiratory acidosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Respiratory acidosis
An adolescent girl with a seizure disorder refuses to wear a medical alert bracelet. Which would the nurse tell the girl that may help her wear the bracelet consistently?
A. Hide the bracelet under long-sleeved clothing
B. Wear the bracelet when engaging in contact sports
C. Ask her friends to wear bracelets that look like hers
D. Select a bracelet similar to bracelets worn by peers
D. Select a bracelet similar to bracelets worn by peers
Which explanation will the nurse give when a client asks about what causes varicose veins?
A. Abnormal configurations of the veins
B. Incompetent valves of superficial veins
C. Decreased pressure within the deep veins
D. Atherosclerotic plaque formation in the veins
B. Incompetent values of superficial veins
Incompetent valves result in retrograde venous flow and subsequent dilation of veins
What is hospice care?
System of family-centered care that allows clients to remain at home in comfort while easing the pains of terminal illness
At which stage of Kohlberg’s theory does an individual want to fulfill the expectations of one’s immediate group?
A. Good by-nice girl orientation
B. Society-maintaining orientation
C. Instrumental relativist orientation
D. Universal ethical principle orientation
A. Good boy-nice girl orientation
Answer b: individual expands focus from a relationship with others to societal concerns
Answer c: a child who wants to follow parents rules
Answer d: ethical principle orientation stage defines ‘right’ by decision of conscious according to self-chosen ethical principles
A client with rheumatoid arthritis asks the nurse why it is necessary to inject hydrocortisone into the knee joint. Which reason would the nurse include in a response to this question?
A. Lubricates the joint
B. Reduces inflammation
C. Provides physiotherapy
D. Prevents ankylosis of the joint
B. Reduces inflammation
*steroids have an anti-inflammatory affect
Which finding in older adult clients is associated with aging?
A. Decreased height
B. Decreased neck rigidity
C. Increased fine-motor dexterity
D. Increased range of motion
A. Decreased in height
*vertebral compression and degeneration
Which aspects of psychosocial development is commonly observed in adolescents? SATA
— a search for personal identity
— development of an ethical system
— a sense of invincibility
— belief that their parents are materialistic
— emotional dependence on parents
— a search for personal identity
— development of an ethical system
Which hormone is formed from cholesterol?
A. Insulin
B. Cortisol
C. Prolactin
D. Growth hormone
B. Cortisol
*lipid-soluble hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex
Which radio graphic test is used to view the entire skeleton?
A. Bone scan
B. Gallium and thallium scan
C. CT
D. MRI
A. Bone scan
An adolescent who has had a leg amputated because of bone cancer begins to experience phantom limb sensations. How would the nurse respond to complaints of pain?
A. Withholding the medication to help prevent addiction
B. Stating the limb has been removed and that the pain is psychological
C. Acknowledging that the pain is real and administering medication
D. Explain phantom limb sensation will subside within a few days
C. Acknowledge the pain is real and administer medication
When providing a change-of-shift report, which explanation would the nurse use to describe a schizophrenic client who is experiencing opposing emotions simultaneously?
A. Double blind
B. Ambivalence
C. Loose association
D. Inappropriate affect
B. Ambivalence
A=having two conflicting messages
C=loose connection between thoughts
D=strong expression of emotions
