HESI A&P PRACTICE TEST

Question 1

What mineral is responsible for muscle contractions?

Answer 1

calcium

Question 2

in which of the following locations would the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs be found?

Answer 2

pelvic cavity

Question 3

what separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

Answer 3

diaphragm

Question 4

which of the following epithelial types is correctly matches with its major function?

Answer 4

simple columnar epithelium—-secretion and absorption

Question 5

a tissue examined under the microscope exhibits the following characteristics: cells found on internal surfaces of stomach, no extracellular matrix, cells tall and thin, no blood vessels in the tissue. what type of tissue is this?

Answer 5

epithelial

Question 6

nerve tissue is composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are referred to as which of the following?

Answer 6

neuroglia

Question 7

which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for the organs?

Answer 7

connective

Question 8

what is the basic unit of life and the building block of tissues and organs?

Answer 8

cell

Question 9

which type of cell division takes place in the gonads?

Answer 9

meiosis

Question 10

in what area of the body would you expect to find an especially thick stratum corneum?

Answer 10

heel of the foot

Question 11

what are the glands that produce a thin, watery secretion?

Answer 11

eccrine

Question 12

skin aids in maintaing the calcium and phosphate levels of the body by participating in the production of which of the following?

Answer 12

vitamin d

Question 13

which of the following are functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 13

support the body
hemopoiesis
provide protection

Question 14

the orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the middle region of the humerus. what is he describing?

Answer 14

diaphysis

Question 15

you have been given a sample of tissue that has open spaces partially filled by an assemblage of needlelike structures. what is the tissue?

Answer 15

spongey bone

Question 16

which of the following bones is the only moveable bone of the skull?

Answer 16

mandible

Question 17

which mineral is responsible for regulating fluid in the body?

Answer 17

sodium

Question 18

why are skeletal muscles also called voluntary muscles?

Answer 18

under conscious control

Question 19

all actions of the nervous system depend on the transmission of nerve impulses over which of the following?

Answer 19

neurons

Question 20

motor or ____ neurons transmit nerve impulses away from the CNS

Answer 20

efferent

Question 21

jeffery has contracted bulbar poliomyelitis, and it has affected the medulla oblongata. the doctors warned the family that his condition is grave and death may be imminent. what functions of the medulla oblongata have warranted such a dire prognosis?

Answer 21

the medulla oblongata contains vital centers that control heart action, blood vessel diameter, and respiration.

Question 22

what are chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation, and the metabolism of specific target cells called?

Answer 22

hormones

Question 23

which of the following are tropic hormones?

Answer 23

somatotropin
follicle stimulating hormone
thyroid stimulating hormone

Question 24

which leukocytes are correctly matched with their function or description?

Answer 24

monocyte—macrophages
lymphocytes—immune response
neutrophils— phagocytize microorganisms

Question 25

the heart has an intrinsic beat that is initiated by which of the following?

Answer 25

sinoatrial node

Question 26

vasodilation and vasoconstriction result from which of the following>

Answer 26

relaxation and contraction of smooth muscle in the arterial wall

Question 27

which of the following is the blood vessel where exchanges take place between blood and the cells of the body?

Answer 27

capillary

Question 28

what is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood through the alveoli called?

Answer 28

external respiration

Question 29

in order for inhalation to occur, what must happen?

Answer 29

contraction of diaphragm

which enlarges chest cavity and draws air into the lungs

Question 30

most of the carbon dioxide in the blood does which of the following ?

Answer 30

converted to bicarbonate ions by carbonic anhydrase within red blood cells

Question 31

how does the trachea remain open like a hollow tube?

Answer 31

supporting cartilaginous rings keep it open

Question 32

the stomach muscle chruns and mixes food, turning the mass into a soupy substance called which of the following?

Answer 32

chyme

Question 33

what is the function of aldosterone?

Answer 33

conserves sodium in the body

Question 34

all the nutrients that enter the hepatic portal vein are routed where for decontamination?

Answer 34

liver

Question 35

which are the functional units of the kidney?

Answer 35

nephron

Question 36

what are the two functions of the male and female sex organ?

Answer 36

production of gametes and hormones

Question 37

in men, spermatozoa develop within the ____ of each testis.

Answer 37

seminiferous tubules

Question 38

testicular activity is under the control of which hormones?

Answer 38

LH and FSH

Question 39

which hormone initiates the preperation of the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy?

Answer 39

estrogen

Question 40

during pregnancy, what organ produces the hormones that maintain the endometrium and prepare the breasts for milk production?

Answer 40

placenta