Hernias Flashcards
what is a hernia
protrusion of part of the abdominal contents beyond it containing cavity
what 3 parts does a hernia consist of
the peritoneal sac, abdominal contents and abdominal wall layers covering the sac
what weaknesses in the abdominal wall do hernias occur at
inguinal canal, femoral canal, umbilicus and at previous incisions
true or false: femoral canal hernias are more common in women
true - as they have a larger femoral canal
what is omphaloocele
where the herniation of the midgut through the umbilicus in development persists
what is Gastroschsis
where the abdominal wall fails to close during development so the protruding contents has no peritoneal coverings
what is umbilical hernia
where the bowel herniates through the weakness of the umbilical scar
what treatment to you give for umbilical hernias
none - they should resolve themselves within a couple of years after birth
where do epigastric hernias occur
through the linea alba
what makes the floor of the inguinal canal
inguinal ligament
what makes the roof of the inguinal canal
internal oblique and transverse abdominis
what makes the posterior wall of the inguinal canal
transversalis fascia
what makes the anterior wall of the inguinal canal
aponeurosis of external oblique
what are indirect inguinal hernias
hernias that go through the inguinal canal
what are the 2 holes in the inguinal canal
the deep ring in the transversalis fascia and the superficial ring in the aponeurosis
when do indirect inguinal hernias occur
when the processus vaginalis fails to regress
where will an indirect inguinal hernia be in relation to the epigastric vessels
lateral
what are direct inguinal hernias
a hernia that protrudes through a weakness in the abdominal wall known as Hesselbach triangle
what are the borders of the Hesselbach triangle
medial= rectus abominis superior = inferior epigastric artery inferior = inguinal canal
where will a direct inguinal hernia be in relation to the epigastric vessels
medial
describe the descent of the processus vaginalis
the processus vaginalis is a pouch of peritoneum that should descend down
after descent part should remain covering some of the testis to form the tunica vaginalis - the rest should regress
what are likely to form if the processus vaginalis doesn’t regress fully
indirect inguinal hernias
