Hernia description + Mx principles

Question 1

Hernia: ‘the protrusion of an organ or part of an organ through a defect in the wall of the cavity containing it, into an abnormal position’ .

Reducible;
The contents of the hernia can be ? ? into the cavity.

Irreducible;
The contents of the hernia cannot be ? ? into the cavity.

Answer 1

completely replaced

Question 2

Obstructed;
? contents cannot pass through the herniated ?.

Strangulated;
There is ? of the contents of the hernia (due to obstructed ? ?), which unless relieved will lead to ? and ?.

Incarcerated;
The contents of the hernia sac are ? inside by ?.

Answer 2

bowel
bowel
ischaemia
venous return
gangrene 
perforation
stuck
adhesions

Question 3

Try to ? the hernia in order to prevent ?/?.
If the hernia is ?, elective surgery is considered, with the ‘? repair’ mesh technique the gold standard.
It can be open or laparoscopic (both are generally offered, true indications for laparoscopic repairs are ? or ? herniae).

Answer 3

reduce
strangulation
obstruction
irreducible
lichtenstein
bilateral
recurrent

Question 4

The procedure is generally done as a ? ?.
If obstructed/ strangulated, an ? ? procedure is performed.

In infants, congenital inguinal hernias are treated with ? and ? of the processus ? at about the age of one ?.

Answer 4

day case
emergency hartman's
herniotomy
ligation
vaginalis
year