Hernia

Question 1

What two factors are required for a hernia to form?

Answer 1

weakness of one structure

increased pressure on the weakened structure

Question 2

Describe a paraoesophageal hiatus hernia?

Answer 2

the herniated part of the stomach passes through the oesophageal hiatus to become parallel to the oesophagus & in the chest

Question 3

Describe a sliding hiatus hernia?

Answer 3

the herniated part of the stomach slides through the oesophageal hiatus into the chest with the gastro-oesophageal junction

Question 4

Where do the inguinal ligament run?

Answer 4

between the ASIS & pubic tubercle

their medial halves form the floors of the inguinal canals

Question 5

What is the route of an indirect hernia?

Answer 5

a “finger” of peritoneum is first forced through the deep ring into the inguinal canal and then out of the superficial ring into the scrotum

Question 6

What is the route of the direct hernia?

Answer 6

a “finger” of peritoneum is forced through the posterior wall of the inguinal canal and directly out of the superficial ring into the scrotum

i.e. straight through