Heredity Flashcards
heredity
The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring
Dominant trait
The trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred
Recessive trait
A trait apparent only when two recessive alleles for the same characteristic are inherited
Genes
A set of instructions for inherited traits
Alleles
One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as their color
Phenotype
An organisms appearance or other detectable characteristic
Genotype
The entire genetic makeup of an organism, also the combination of genes for one or more specific trait
Probability
The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event
Meiosis
a process in cell division during which the the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus which results in the production of sex cells
Sex chromosomes
one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
Pedigree
A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family
DNA
A molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the trait that a living thing inherits and needs to live
Nucleotide
In a nucleic acid chain, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base.
Mutations
A change in the nucleotide base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule
RNA
A molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein production
