earthquake/valcano vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

ring of fire

A

The Ring of Fire is a region around much of the rim of the Pacific Ocean where many volcanic eruptions and earthquakes occur.

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2
Q

Strike-slip fault

A

fracture in the rocks of Earth’s crust in which the rock masses slip past one another parallel to the strike

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3
Q

Normal fault

A

inclined fractures where the blocks have mostly shifted vertically.

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4
Q

Reverse fault

A

caused by compressional forces and results in shortening.

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5
Q

P-waves

A

P waves travel faster than other seismic waves and hence are the first signal from an earthquake to arrive at any affected location or at a seismograph.

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6
Q

S-waves

A

seismic waves produced by an earthquake

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7
Q

epicenter

A

the point on the earth’s surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake.

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8
Q

focus

A

a point at which rays of light, heat, or other radiation meet after being refracted or reflected.

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9
Q

Richter magnitude scale

A

assigns a number to quantify the amount of seismic energy released by an earthquake.

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10
Q

explosive volcano

A

a relative measure of the explosiveness of volcanic eruptions.

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11
Q

nonexplosive volcano

A

These eruptions produce relatively calm flows of lava in huge amounts. … Vast areas of the Earth’s surface, including much of the sea floor and the Northwestern United States, are covered with lava form nonexplosive eruptions.

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12
Q

Krakatoa

A

Krakatoa, also transcribed Krakatau, is a caldera in the Sunda Strait between the islands of Java and Sumatra in the Indonesian province of Lampung.

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13
Q

Yellowstone supervolcano

A

The Yellowstone Caldera, sometimes referred to as the Yellowstone Supervolcano, is a volcanic caldera and supervolcano in Yellowstone National Park in the Western United States.

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14
Q

San Andreas fault

A

The San Andreas Fault is a continental transform fault that extends roughly 1,200 kilometers through California

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15
Q

Mid-oceanic ridge

A

a continuous range of undersea volcanic mountains

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16
Q

shield volcano

A

the largest volcanoes on Earth that actually look like volcanoes

17
Q

cinder cone volcano

A

A cinder cone is a steep conical hill of loose pyroclastic fragments, such as volcanic clinkers, volcanic ash, or cinder that has been built around a volcanic vent.

18
Q

composite volcano

A

conical volcano built up by many layers (strata) of hardened lava and tephra.

19
Q

hot spot

A

a physical location where people can access the Internet, typically using Wi-Fi

20
Q

Mt. Vesuvius

A

Mount Vesuvius is a somma-stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy, about 9 km east of Naples and a short distance from the shore.