Heredity Flashcards
the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring
heredity
the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred
dominant trait
a trait that reappears in the second generation after dissapearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred
recessive trait
one set of instructions for an inherited trait
gene
one set of alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color
allele
an organism’s appearance or other detectable characteristic
phenotype
the entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits
genotype
the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event
probability
chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure
homologous chromosomes
a process in cell division during wich the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by 2 divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells
meiosos
one of the pair of chromosomes that detirmine the sex of an indibidual
sex chromosome
a diagram that shows the occurance of a genetic trait in several generations in a family
pedigree
a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that detimines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live
DNA
in a nucleic acid chain, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nityogenous base
nucleotide
a molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein production
RNA
