heredity Flashcards
phenotype
observable traits
genotype
name of the alleles
heredity
traits that are passed on from parents to offspring
gene
segment of DNA that codes for a particular trait
alleles
variety of the same gene as in dimple or no dimple
offspring
babies
traits
characteristics
sexual reproduction
requires male and female gametes to produce offfspring
asexual reproduction
does not require male or female gametes to produce offspring
mitosis
cell division that results in two identical daughter cells
meiosis
cell Division that produces sex cells each cell is unique
DNA
located in the nucleus
probability
a chance
gametes
sex cells ( egg or sperm )
punnett square
Diagram showing how male and female alleles might combine in offspring
fertilization
the process by which sperm and egg combine to form an offspring
zygote
a fertilized egg (2 haploids joined together
recessive
a gene that is expressed only when there are 2 copies of the same alleles (ff)
homozygous recessive
2 copies of the same recessive alleles (small letter:gg ff)
dominant
a gene that is expressed either with one or two copies of the alleles
homozygous dominant
2 copies of the same recessive alleles
heterozygous
a mixed gene with one dominant allele and one recessive
Gregor mendel
father of genetics he experimented with pea plants
cross pollination
the crossing of genes between two flowers done by insects,humans,winds
cross breeding
the crossing of genes between two animals of the same species,human involve in the breeding to select desired traits
purebred
a pure homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive
