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Science > Cell Divison > Flashcards

Cell Divison Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the smallest unit of life?

A

cell

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2
Q

what is the biggest organelle of a eukaryotic cell?

A

a nucleus

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3
Q

what is found in the nucleus?

A

DNA

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4
Q

what is DNA and what does it stand for?

A

DNA contains genetic material and it stands for DEOXY RIBO NUCLEIC ACID

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5
Q

what does DNA look like inside a nucleus?

A

DNA looks like a double stranded of ladder and jumbled up like a ball of yarn

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6
Q

what genetic material?

A

genetic material are genes or traits that can be passed on from parents to offspring

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7
Q

how does DNA grow and develop and reproduce?

A

DNA reproduce through stages called INTER PHASE AND MITOSIS

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8
Q

what happens during INTER PHASE?

A

INTER PHASE is when DNA develops and goes through replication

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9
Q

what does REPLICATION mean?

A

copy or duplicate

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10
Q

what happens during replication?

A

DNA replicates itself and wrap up tightly and neatly into chromatid

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11
Q

what is chromatid?

A

a DNA that is neatly wrapped up(TWO CHROMATIN/singular:chromatids

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12
Q

what is a chromosome?

A

when DNA wraps around a protein,it is called a chromosome

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13
Q

how many chromosomes do humans have?

A

humans have 46 chromosomes

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14
Q

how many chromosomes does each parent pass on to their offspring?

A

23 chromosomes from each parent

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15
Q

each segment of DNA is know as a what?

A

gene

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16
Q

what does a gene contain?

A

genetic traits

17
Q

what happens during MITOSIS?

A

during g MITOSIS chromosomes go through 5 phases

18
Q

what are the 5 phases?

A

ph1: protophase ph2:metaphase ph3: anaphase ph4: telophase ph5: cytokinesis

19
Q

what happens during each phase?

A

phase 1 prophase-chromosomes appear

20
Q

what happens during each phase?

A

phase 2: Metaphase-cromosomes line up

21
Q

what happens during each phase?

A

phase 3: anaphase-chromosomes

22
Q

what happens during each phase?

A

phase 4: telophase-chromosomes pinch

23
Q

what happens during each phase?

A

phase 5: cytokinesis-two new daughter cell form

24
Q

how many chromosomes do human sex cells have?

A

23 chromosomes in each sex cell (egg or sperm)

25
Q

how many chromosomes do human body cells have?

A

46 chromosomes in each cells

26
Q

what do you call a cell with a full set of chromosomes (46)?

A

a diploid cell

27
Q

what do you call a cell with half set chromosomes (23)?

A

a hiploid

28
Q

do bacteria cells go through mitosis like the eukaryotic cells?

A

no,bacteria do not have nucleus

29
Q

how do bacteria cells divide?

A

bacteria cells split in half called binary fission

30
Q

why do our body cells divide?

A

our body cells divide to replace dead cells,to grow,to develop

31
Q

what is the name of the DNA backbone called?

A

sugar phosphate

32
Q

name all 4 of the DNA backbone celled?

A

guanine,cytosine,thymine,adenine

33
Q
A

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