Heredity Flashcards
Heredity
The passing of traits from parent to offspring.
Dominant trait
The trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred.
Recessive trait
A trait that reappears in the second generation when parents with different traits are bred.
Genes
One set of instructions for an inherited trait.
Alleles
Different forms of a gene. Dominant or Recessive.
Phenotype
An organism’s appearance or other detectable characteristic.
Genotype
The combination of genes for one or more traits. Heterozygous or homozygous.
Probability
The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event.
Meiosis
A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the origional numbers by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells.
Sex chromosomes
One of the pair of chromosomes that determines the sex of an individual.
Pedigree
A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family.
DNA
the molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism.
Nucleotide
a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.
Mutations
the action or process of mutating.
RNA
Ribonucleic acid (abbreviated RNA) is a nucleic acid present in all living cells that has structural similarities to DNA. Unlike DNA, however, RNA is most often single-stranded.
