Heredity Flashcards
heredity
passing characteristics physical or mental form one to another.
dominant trait
the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred.
recessive trait
a trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parentswith different traitsare bred.
gene
one set of instructions for an inherited trait.
allele
on of the alernative forms of a gene that governs a charcteristic , such as hair color.
Phenotype
an organim’s appearance or other detectable charcteristic.
genotype
the entire genetic makeup of an organism;also the combination of genes for ine ir more specific traits.
probability
te ikelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event.
homologous chromosomes
chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure
meiosis
a process in cell divsion during which the numberof chromosomes decreasses to half the original number by two divisions of te nucleus, which results in the probuctionof sex cells.
sex chromosomes
one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the se of an individual
pesigree
a diagram hst shows thr occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family.
DNA
a moleculethat is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live.
nucleotide
in a nucleic-acid chain, a subunit that consists of a suger, a phosphate, ada nitrogenous base.
RNA
a molecule that is present in all livng cells and that plays a role in protein production.
