heredity Flashcards
heredity
the passing of genetic traits parents to offspring
dominant trait
the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred
recessive trait
a trait that reappears in the second generation after disappears in the first gen when parents with different traits are bred
gene
one set of instructions for an inherit trait
allele
one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs characteristics
phenotype
an organism’s appearance or other detectable characteristics
genotype
the entire organism makeup of an organism also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits
meiosis
a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number of by two divisions to the production of sex cells
homologous chromosomes
chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure
sex chromosome
one of the pair of the chromosomes that determinants the sex of of an individual
DNA
a molecule that is present in all living things cells and that contains the info that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live