Herbs 3 8/3/15

Question 1

前胡

Qián Hú

Answer 1

Peucedani Radix

hogfennel root

Question 2

Qián Hú
Peucedani Radix
hogfennel root

Answer 2

bitter, acrid, slightly cold
Directs qi downward and dispels phlegm
Disperses and scatters wind-heat

Question 3

竹茹

Zhú Rú

Answer 3

Bambusae Caulis in taeniam

bamboo shavings

Question 4

Zhú Rú

bamboo shavings

Answer 4

sweet, slightly cold
Clears and transforms phlegm-heat
Clears heat and stops vomiting
(It was used to treat digestive reversal in Jingui Yaolue)

Question 5

紫蘇子

Zǐ Sū Zǐ

Answer 5

Perillae Fructus

perilla fruit

Question 6

Zǐ Sū Zǐ

perilla fruit

Answer 6

acrid, warm
Stops cough and calms wheezing
Moistens the intestines and unblocks stool

Question 7

Later formulas development

non-Zhang Zhongjing formulas

Answer 7

Bei mu gua lou san
Er chen tang (two-cured decoction)

Wen dan tang (warm the gallbladder decoction)
= Er chen tang + zhi shi, zhu ru, da zao – wu mei
{Song Dynasty}

Question 8

Fluid circulation

Answer 8

1. Through blood vessels

2. Through lymphatic vessels

Question 9

Lymph circulation

Answer 9

1. Unidirectional, slow moving carrying relatively large molecules
2. Extrinsic forces: muscle movements (most important), perspiration, peristalsis
3. Intrinsic forces: intrinsic contractility of lymphatic vessels (contribution is low)
4. thoracic duct left subclavian vein superior vena cava
   right lymphatic duct right subclavian vein superior vena cava

Question 10

Phlegm generation according to Li Shi Zhen

Answer 10

Phlegm will not generate without lodged dampness in the spleen. Therefore, spleen is the source of
phlegm generation and lung is the container of phlegm storage. - Li Shi Zhen

Question 11

Different kinds of phlegm

Answer 11

o Lymph from GI tract (chyle) has high concentration of fats, amino acids and other nutrients.
o Main composition of lung: blood vessels, lymph vessels and mucous membrane
o Phlegm and sputum might be body’s expression of impaired lymph circulation.

Question 12

Aromatic herbs that transform dampness

芳香化濕藥

Answer 12

Huo Xiang
Hou Po
Cang Zhu
Sha Ren
Bai Dou Kou
- This category herbs deal with dampness in the middle burner (spleen and stomach)
- Aromatic nature (awakening spleen): cook less time
- Warm bitter drying or acrid dispersing nature: contraindicated with yin deficiency

Question 13

Herbs that transform phlegm and stop coughing

化痰止咳藥

Answer 13

1. Herbs that cool and transform phlegm-heat
Qian Hu
Bei Mu (Chuan/Zhe)
Gua Lou
Zhu Ru
2. Warm herbs that transform cold-phlegm
Ban Xia
Jie Geng
3. Herbs that relieve coughing and wheezing
Xing Ren
Ting Li Zi
(Zi) Su Zi

Question 14

藿香

Huò Xiāng

Answer 14

Pogostemonis (Guang Huo Xiang) - patchouli
Agastaches Herba (Tu Huo Xiang)

Question 15

Huò Xiāng
Pogostemonis (Guang Huo Xiang) - patchouli
Agastaches Herba (Tu Huo Xiang)

Answer 15

acrid, slightly warm
Aromatically transforms dampness, releases the exterior, and dispels summer-heat
Harmonizes the middle burner and stops vomiting
Treats dermatosis
*Huo Xiang (patchouli) can be used to transform dampness and release exterior (often combined with zi
su ye for this purpose)

Question 16

砂仁

Shā Rén

Answer 16

Amomi Fructus

grains-of-paradise fruit

Question 17

Shā Rén

Amomi Fructus - grains-of-paradise fruit

Answer 17

acrid, warm, aromatic
o Promotes the movement of qi, transforms dampness, and strengthens the spleen
o Warms the middle and stops diarrhea
o Calms the fetus
o Also used with tonifying herbs to prevent them from causing stagnation

Question 18

白豆蔻

Bái Dòu Kòu

Answer 18

Amomi Fructus rotundus

round cardamon, cardamon cluster

Question 19

Bái Dòu Kòu

Amomi Fructus rotundus - round cardamon

Answer 19

acrid, warm, aromatic
o Promotes the movement of qi, transforms dampness, and strengthens the stomach
o Warms the middle burner and causes rebellious qi to descend
*Doesn’t Calm Fetus

Question 20

Herbs that relieve food stagnation

消導藥/消食藥

Answer 20

Shan Zha
Mai Ya
Ji Nei Jin
Shen Qu
Lai Fu Zi

Question 21

山楂

Shān Zhā

Answer 21

Crataegi Fructus

hawthorne fruit

Question 22

Shān Zhā
Crataegi Fructus
hawthorne fruit

Answer 22

sour, sweet, slightly warm
o Reduces food stagnation and transforms accumulation
o Transforms blood stasis and dissipates clumps
o Stops diarrhea
o Recently used for hypertension, coronary artery disease, and elevated serum cholesterol

Question 23

麥芽

Mài Yá

Answer 23

Hordei Fructus germinatus

barley sprouts, malt

Question 24

Mài Yá
Hordei Fructus germinatus
barley sprouts, malt

Answer 24

sweet, neutral
o Reduces food stagnation and strengthens the stomach
o Restrains lactation
o Facilitates the smooth flow of liver qi

Question 25

Shān Zhā campared to Mài Yá

Answer 25

Shan Zha reduces food stagnation, esp. from meat, while Mai Ya from grains.
Mai Ya can be used for restraining lactation with high dose (30-60g)

Question 26

鷄内金

Jī Nèi Jīn

Answer 26

Gigeriae galli Endothelium corneum

chicken gizzard lining

Question 27

Jī Nèi Jīn
Gigeriae galli Endothelium corneum
chicken gizzard lining

Answer 27

sweet, neutral
o Strongly reduces food stagnation and improves the spleen’s transportive function
o Secures the essence and stops enuresis
o Transforms hardness and dissolves stones
*can be used to treat kidney and gall bladder stones.

Question 28

神麴

Shén Qū

Answer 28

Massa medicata fermentata

medicated leaven

Question 29

Shén Qū
Massa medicata fermentata
medicated leaven

Answer 29

sweet, acrid, warm
o Reduces food stagnation and strengthens the stomach
o Added to pills that contain minerals to aid in their digestion and absorption

Question 30

萊菔子

Lái Fú Zǐ

Answer 30

Raphani Semen

radish seed

Question 31

Lái Fú Zǐ
Raphani Semen
radish seed

Answer 31

acrid, sweet, neutral
o Reduces food stagnation and eliminates distention
o Causes qi to descend and reduces phlegm
o Recently used for hypertension