Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHAR 154 > Herbals > Flashcards

Herbals Flashcards

1
Q

Main use for glucosamine

A

Osteoarthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

MOA for glucosamine

A

Normal component of cartilage matrix and synovial fluid
May prevent joint-space narrowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Efficacy for glucosamine, chondroitin, and MSM

A

Glucosamine is worth a shot but will take 4-8 weeks for full effect
Chondroitin: less then glucosamine
MSM: less value (not normal human component)
Have minimal risk/SE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Dosing for glucosamine

A

500mg TID (or 1500mg OD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What drug interactions does glucosamine have?

A

Warfarin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the main treatment for omega fatty acids?

A

Primary and secondary MI prevention
Elevated TG (cholesterol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MOA for omega fatty acids

A

ALA can be converted to EPA/DHA by humans, but only minimally
We can only convert 5% of ALA to DHA/EPA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Efficacy of omega fatty acids

A

50/50 so can give it a try

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Risk of omega fatty acids

A

Unlikely risk of bleeding
Unlikely mercury contamination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dosing for omega fatty acids

A

1000mg fish oil = 300mg EPA/DHA
W/o CHD - 500mg/day
With CHD - 1g TID
TG lowering 2-4g/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Drug interactions of omega fatty acids

A

NO agents with risk of bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Natural way to get omega fatty acids

A

1st line: Wild salmon
Flax/flaxseed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the other uses for omega fatty acids

A

Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Depression
Dry eyes
ADHD
Muscle cramps from statins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Main use for melatonin

A

Insomnia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

MOA of melatonin

A

A hormone produced from tryptophan
Ties into our circadian rhythms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Efficacy of melatonin

A

Worth a try(actually useful)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Drug interactions for melatonin

A

Mild GI
Headache
Additive drowsiness with other sedating agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Other uses for melatonin

A

Depression
Jet leg
CV
GERD
Antioxidant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Use of zzzquil and nytol

A

Insomnia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

MOA of zzzquil and nytol

A

Using SE from 1st gen antihistamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Efficacy of zzzquil and nytol

A

NOT helpful for head colds
Tolerance and rebound insomnia occurs

22
Q

Side effects of zzzquil and nytol

A

Dry mouth
Constipation
Urinary retention
On BEERs list

23
Q

What agent is in zzzquil and nytol?

A

Diphenhydramine HCl

24
Q

Main use of St. John’s wort

A

Mild-moderate depression
Less so for major depression

25
Q

MOA for St. John’s wort

A

Natural SSRIs like ability
Creates more serotonin in the body

26
Q

Efficacy of St. John’s wort

A

As effective as SSRIs

27
Q

Side effects of St. John’s wort

A

GI
Rash
Dizziness
Headache

28
Q

Drug interactions of St. John’s wort

A

Lots of rx drugs as it induces CYP P450
Could cause serotonin syndrome if raises serotonin too much

29
Q

Main use of tea tree oil (melaleuca)

A

Wound healing
Also has “claims” for acne and head lice

30
Q

Potential use of green tea

A

Decrease BP
Anti-cancer
Weight loss

31
Q

MOA of green tea

A

Contains polyphenols, antioxidants and catechins

32
Q

Efficacy of green tea

A

Good for a healthy diet
Has some potential

33
Q

What are some green tea products

A

One a day wight smart
Ginkgo biloba
Green tea extract

34
Q

Main use of ginkgo

A

Antioxidant / neuroprotective

35
Q

Efficacy of ginkgo

A

NOT helpful for memory loss / dementia or peripheral artery disease

36
Q

What are the ginkgo products

A

Remember Fx - just ginseng
Memory Fx - ginseng + ginkgo

37
Q

Main use for cranberry juice

A

UTI prevention

38
Q

MOA of cranberry juice

A

Reduces e. Coli adherence

39
Q

Efficacy of cranberry juice

A

Prevention - possibly effective
Treatment - unlikely

40
Q

What is cysto plus?

A

Claims to prevent acidification of urine to reduce symptoms of UTIs

41
Q

What is the possible risk of HRT shown from a study?

A

Breast cancer but minimal risk

42
Q

What is black cohosh

A

Main ingredient in HRT

43
Q

MOA of black cohosh

A

Estrogen like

44
Q

Efficacy of black cohosh

A

NOT recommended anymore

45
Q

What are the black Cohosh products

A

Estro-logic
Remifemin
Extroven

46
Q

What is soy an ingredient in?

A

HRT

47
Q

MOA of soy for HRT

A

Converted soy into:
Daidzen —> estrogenic compounds

48
Q

Efficacy of soy

A

Decreases hot flashes by an effect of 25%

49
Q

What is the HRT soy product?

A

Swiss natural HRT

50
Q

What is wild yam?

A

Natural version of estrogen replacement

PHAR 154 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions