Herbal/OTC Flashcards
Herbs/supplements cannot be marketed for ____, _____, or ____ of disease, because they are not ____?
- Diagnosis, Treatment, Cure
* vigorously tested
Herbal remedies are not used for what anymore?
weight loss
Side effects of Ginkgo Biloba?
BLEEDING
What kind of claims can manufacturers make about herbal supplements?
can make enhancement claims for normal body functions or state
what ages may metabolize substances differently,
therefore creating a safety issue with herbal supplements?
Under 18/Over 65
Questions to ask clients in regards to Herbal supplements?
- Are you taking any herbal or natural supplements
- Are you taking rx/otc meds for the same purpose as herbal supplement (example st johns wort/SSRi for depression)
- Allergies to plant products
- Pregnant/breastfeeding
- Upcoming surgeries
Side effects of St Johns Wort?
- POSSIBLE SEROTONIN SYNDROME*
- PHOTOSENSITIVITY*
- Gi disturb
- Dry mouth
- Fatigue/dizziness/confusion
- Impotence
(Remember similar side effects of SSRIs)
Side effects of Kava?
- Sedation*
- LIVER DAMAGE*
- Rash
- oculogyric crisis
- dystonia(involv muscle contract), Dyskinesia (inv muscle twisting), exacerbation of parkinsons
- Torticolis
(Remember muscle and sedation issues)
side effects of Ephedra? Do not use with which diseases?
- Cardiovascular issues*
* CVD, DM, BPH, GLAUCOMA, HYPERTHYROIDISM
Black Kohosh Side effects?
- Liver Damage (long term use)*
- HA
- Gi upset
- Weight gain
What does golden seal claim to do? Side effects?
- Claims to improve GI function/laxative
* causes brain damage in new born baby (kernicterus)
interacts with anticoagulants such as aspirin, warfarin, clopidogrel, dipyridamole, etc.
Ginkgo Biloba
interacts with antidepressants, may cause Serotonin syndrome with other antidepressants
St. Johns wort
interacts with caffeine, decongestants, stimulants
Ephedra
May decrease effectiveness of Warfarin
Ginseng
Interacts with sedatives, sleeping pills, antipsychotics, alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, anti-seizure, levo-dopa, etc
Kava
may prevent some drugs used to treat lupus from working properly, etc.
Echinacea
f allergic to plants in the daisy family such as ragweed and chrysanthemums, this should be avoided.
Echinacea
Herbs that increase/magnify action of coumadin?
- Crazy Gays Getting Good Dick Forever*
- Cannibis
- Ginkgo
- Garlic
- Ginger
- Dong quai
- Feverfew
Herbs that block coumadin from working?
- Ginseng
* St. Johns wort
Supplements that include ____ and ____ interact negatively with coumadin
- Co-q10
* Green tea extracts
Garlic claims to decrease______ and maintain ______, but increases risk for______.
- BP, Cholesterol
* Bleeding
Ginseng claims to increase_____/______ but may also cause ____/_____
- Stamina/Energy
* Insomnia/nervousness
Ginko claims to help with ____ , ____ and____, but increases risk for_______
- Mental alertness, cognition, Brain blood flow
* Bleeding
Ginger claims to be an ____ and ____ but increases risk for ______
- Antiemetic,Antiinflammatory
* Bleeding
What does Black cohash claim to do?
Provide menopause relief
Claims to have promote Immune support (respiratory) . What is it and what is there a risk for?
Echinacea - allergic reaction
Respiratory aid, weight loss (stimulant) {banned in U.S.}
Ephedra
claims Prostate & Urinary health. What are some of the risks?
Saw palmetto
Hormone, pregnancy, breastfeeding issues
ClaimsGI and Respiratory uses, (Mineralcorticoid effects). What are the risks?
- Licorice*
* Potassium issues, Hypo/hyperkalemia*
Claims Sedative effect, calms nerves, reduce anxiety, insomnia…risk for hypersenitivity
Chamomile
Claims to Promote urinary health. What are some issues?
- Cranberry*
- Kidney stones
- Interacts with lipitor
What does Eucalyptus claim to do? Risks?
- Expectorant, anti-infective, antipyretic
* Oil can cause seizure
claims to enhance Milk secretion, menses, birth, libido . What does this interact with?
- Fennel*
* interacts with estrogens and cipro*
what does feverfew claim to do? Risks?
- Antipyretic*
* Risks for med interactions
What does Flax claim to do? What can it cause?
helps with GI issues, can cause GI issues as well
claims to assist with Dyspepsia, liver function protection. What are the risks?
- Milk thistle*
* Gi disturbances and allergies*
Claims about primrose? Risks?
- premenstrual relief/Sedative
* Gi issues
Claims to be a sleep aid. What are the risks?
- Valerian*
- Drowsiness
- Liver damage
Used for Calming, insomnia, stress relief. What are the risks?
- Lavender*
- increases effects of CNS depressants
- GI issues
treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy
Dronabinol and Nabilone
Under _____ law Marijuana continues to be a ________ meaning that it has no currently_____ use and a ________
- Federal
- Schedule 1 substance
- accepted medical use
- High potential for abuse
Uses for CBD
- analgesic
* Neuroprotective antioxidant
important for drug metabolism
liver enzyme
increases the metabolism of a substance.
inducer
decreases the metabolism of a substance.
inhibitor
Concerns for the older adult using marijuana
- Cognitive impairment due to slower metabolism
- Increased HR, RR and BP (risk for orthostatic Hypotension when standing)
- Medication interactions (fluxoetine, warfarin)
Infants born to women who smoke marijuana while pregnant are more likely for these?
- Born early
- Underweight
- Neonatal intensive care
What should be monitored in patients using cannabis and warfarin?
increase in INR
