Emergency Medicine Flashcards
leading cause of unintentional injury
Motor vehicle crash
injuries resulting in death occur more between the ages of? Most likely to get injured?
- 35-44
* males 2 times more likely
Every hospital must maintain the following?
- specialty trained workforce that is prepared to provide a range of emergency care 24/7
- ensure access to the equipment that is needed to provide immediate lifesaving care to critically injured patients
What must a level 1 trauma center have?
- Provides total care for every aspect of injury from prevention to rehab
- Specialists
- Open 24 hours
- Provide research and education
- meets minimum requirements for volume of trauma patients
The sorting of patients based on their need for treatment and the resources
available to provide that treatment
Triage
What is triage based on?
quick assessment (including vital signs) which allows the nurse to assign acuity level
What is the number 1 triage priority? Primary survey
Airway blockage and C-spine injury
What is the number 2 triage priority?Primary survey
Breathing - Ventilation, apply high flow O2
What is the number 3 triage priority?Primary survey
Circulation - Perfusion, Bleeding, Hemorrhage control , Shock
What is the number 4 triage priority Primary survey
Disability- determine neurologic deficits by assessing function via GCS
*AVPU
When assessing a patient for disability/neurologic deficits, what should you look for?
o Alert – is the client alert and responsive?
o Verbal – does the client respond to verbal stimuli
o Pain – does the client respond to painful stimuli
o Unresponsive – is the client unresponsive to all stimuli, including pain?
What is the number 5 triage priority?Primary survey
Exposure/environment - remove clothing to allow for further evaluation of injuries, hypo/hyperthermia
All MCI are? Not all disasters are?
- All MCIS are disasters
* Not all disasters are MCIS
Goal of response to any MCI?
Greatest good for greatest amount of people
Disaster triage is only used when?
In the most catastrophic cases
Goal of response to any disaster?
Greatest good for greatest amount of people rather than doing everything possible to save one life.
In disaster triage, who gets delayed care?
- People who dont have high survival chance
* people who would consume too many resources
Uses physiological parameters and is designed to be completed in 60 seconds or less
START - simple triage and rapid treatment
What 3 observations is START based on?
- respirations
- perfusion/pulse
- mental status
What does a RED tag mean in disaster triage?
*Survivable life threatening injuries with a time limit that need to be seen IMMEDIATELY
What are some indicators for a RED tag
- Respirations greater than 30
- Cap refill longer than 2 seconds
- Lack radial pulse
- Unable to follow simple instructions
What does a YELLOW tag mean in disaster triage??
Ugent- can delay treatment for an hour or two, not expected to deteriorate soon
What does a GREEN tag mean in disaster triage??
- Delayed
- Minor injuries
- Client can stand, walk and understand directions
What does a BLACK tag mean in disaster triage??
- Dead/no further treatment
* Patients have no respirations, recieve airway repositioning, if still no respirations, black tagged
