herbal

Question 1

Dshea
Dietary Suppliement Health & Education Act
1994

Answer 1

• increased phytochemicals for consumption
• distinguished dietary suppliment from food additiivies
• Limits FDA: allow exemption of premarket approval for supplements

Question 2

View points of suppliment users

Answer 2

• increasing
• not consider herbal
• herbs contain active drugs
• dont link adverse health events

Question 3

What percentage of patients revel the use suppliments

Answer 3

40%

Question 4

Studies that serve as initial indicators of possible herb drug interactions but not establish cause

Answer 4

case report

Question 5

studies that assess various effects of botanicals using human subject

Answer 5

prospective in vivo studies

Question 6

Studies that show effects of phyochemicals on purified enzymes/transporters

Answer 6

in vitro screens

Question 7

Area of the body where herbs can change drug metabolizing enzymes are found

Answer 7

small intestine and liver

Question 8

herbs can modulate drug transport primarily found in what areas of the body

Answer 8

small intestin, bbb, liver

Question 9

most important enzymes

Answer 9

cyp3A4, cyp2d6, cyp2c9, cyp 1A2

Question 10

St. Johns Wort

Answer 10

Indication: Antidepressive
Efficacy good
drug interaction risk highg (render most drugs ineffective)
-effects transplants recieving cyclosporin

Question 11

means other than conventional medicines to treat

Answer 11

alternative medicines

Question 12

Herbs, essential oils, and neti pots to treat is example of

Answer 12

alternative medicines

Question 13

using both conventional and other means to treat without recommendation of providers is called

Answer 13

complimentary medicines

Question 14

Using prescribed antibiotics, along with essential oils and neti pot to treat is example of

Answer 14

complimentary medicine

Question 15

prescribed use of conventional medicine along with other means for treatment is known as

Answer 15

integrative medicine

Question 16

APRN prescribes antibiotics, AND essential oils with neti pot to treat is example of

Answer 16

integrative medicine

Question 17

Benefits of Tai Chi

Answer 17

helps Parkinsons balance
decrease osteoarthritis pain
decrease back pain and fibromyalgia
increase concentration
decrease depression

Question 18

benefits of yoga

Answer 18

improves lymphedema well being

Question 19

Acupuncture benefits

Answer 19

alleviate abnormal blood flow (chee)

may help with N/V; hot flashes; pain, and psycho disorder

Question 20

Mindfulness benefits

Answer 20

reduce stress
reduce cancer fatigue
weightloss

Question 21

Essential oils benefits

Answer 21

symptom management

not FDA approved for cure of specific diagnosis

Question 22

Describe Reiki

Answer 22

energy medicine; moving blocked energy from chakra center

identify hot and cold centers

Question 23

Describe Sound centers

Answer 23

singing bowls used to open chakra

Question 24

Describe crystal healing

Answer 24

crystals are used to open chakra centers

Question 25

Describe Ayurveda

Answer 25

supplements high in heavy metals and arsenic and lead; mind body medicine living in tune with natures

Question 26

side effects of use of ephedra

Answer 26

cardiovascular and central nervous system events

Question 27

What is Ma-Huang

Answer 27

The ancient Chinese ephedra herb

Question 28

catechins, xanthones, and tannins can be seen in caffeine natural sources to inhibit COMT and MAO to potentiate what activity

Answer 28

sympathomimetic

Question 29

Ephedra and Caffeine can lower blood flow to

Answer 29

cerebral areas

Question 30

The difference in herbal supplements in single vs multi-ingredient supplements

Answer 30

the multi ingredient suppliments can cause toxic reactions

Question 31

Licorice root Interactions

Answer 31

Glycyrrhiza Glabra Interaction mxn: sodium retention, K depleting Interacts with: diuretics and antiarrhythmic

Question 32

When herb induce cyp or P-gp what levels of drug are suspected in body

Answer 32

reduced

Question 33

When herb inhibits cyp or P-GP what levels of durg are suspected in body

Answer 33

increased

Question 34

Patient with recent renal transplant asks about restarting St. Johns Wart. The APRN suggests

Answer 34

can not restart St. John Wart due to interaction with cyclosporin and potential of organ failure

Question 35

Chemical in St john wart responsible for interaction

Answer 35

hyperforin | stronger than rifampin in receptor affinity

Question 36

Goldenseal information

Answer 36

Cold, URTI, mask urine RX screens Efficacy: poor high interaction risk inhibits cyp3A4 and cyp2D6

Question 37

How can Goldenseal increase the efficacy of a smaller dose of quinine

Answer 37

quinine is a substrate of CYP 3A4, goldenseal binds to 3A4

Question 38

MDP containing botanicals can interfere with which cyp

Answer 38

CYP3A4

Question 39

how does MDP contiaining Schizandra has what effect on tacrolimus? where can Schizandra be found

Answer 39

increases absorption | weight-loss supplement

Question 40

Resveratrol effects what cyp450

Answer 40

decrease cyp2C9 activity

Question 41

resveratrol has what effect on diclofenac

Answer 41

diclofenac levels increase

Question 42

Green tea has what effect on nadolol

Answer 42

catechins in green tea decreases effects absorption

Question 43

what is a liposome

Answer 43

artificial vesicles composed of phospholipid membranes surrounding an aqueous core. can greatly improve oral bioavailability

Question 44

what is a phytosomes

Answer 44

improve stability and shelf life, and improve bioavailability can be improved 2 to 6 fold