Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ID > Hepatitis Med chem > Flashcards

Hepatitis Med chem Flashcards

1
Q

liver functions

A

regulate metabolism
sythesize proteins
store vitamins and iron
degrading hormones
inactivating and excreting drugs and toxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

hepatitis =

A

inflammation of the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

acute hepatitis

A

short-term hepatitis
immune system clears the virus from the body within 6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

chronic hepatitis

A

long-term hepatitis
infection last longer than 6 months
immune system cannot clear the virus from the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cause of acute hepatitis

A

viral hepatitis
non viral infection
alcohol
toxins
drugs
ischemic hepatitis
auto immune
metbolic disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

causes of chronic hepatitis

A

viral hepatitis
alcohol
drugs
non alocholic streahepatitis
autoimmune
heredity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

viral structural

A

no cell wall
nucleic acid components
containing envelop-antigenic in nature

they do not have metabolic machinery of their own - uses host enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

stages of viral replication

A

cell entry attachment - penetration
uncoating
transcription of viral genome
translation
assembly of vision component
release

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hep A features

A

SsRNA
fecal oral transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hep B features

A

DsDNA
parenteral transmission
sexual transmission (COMMONN)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hep C features

A

SsRNA
parental transmission
sexual transmission (uncommon)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Hep D features

A

SsRNA
parental transmission
sexual transmission (uncommon)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hep E features

A

SsRNA
fecal oral transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hepatitis A Virus

A

picornavirus
nonenveloped
single- stranded RNA packaged in a protein shell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hepatitis A Prevention

A

Immune Globulin

-preexposure: travelers to intermediate and high HAV-endemic regions

-Post-exposure: (within 14 days)
– routine: household & other inmate contacts
–selected situations: institutions, common source exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

prevention: hep A vaccine

A

havrix , vaqta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hepatitis B Virus

A

nuceocasod enclosed the viral DNA and a DNA polymerase that has reverse transcriptase activity similar to retroviruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Chronic Hepatitis B infections

A

cirrhosis of the liver
hepatocellular carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

available treatment options for chronic hepatitis B

A

interferons
-interferon-alpha
-pegylated interferon

nucleotide analogue antiviral agents
-lamivudine
-entercavir
-adefovir dipivoxil
-ribavirin
-telbivudine
-tenofovir

nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
-adefovir
-entecavir
-lamivudine
-telbivudine
-tenofovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

interferon-alpha

A

a cytokine
one of the signaling mechanism of immunomodulation

21
Q

nucleoside analogs

A

polymerase inhibitors that target DNA elongation by inhibiting the revers transcription of HBV

-efficient, but longterm use result in drug resistance and recurrence and HBV genome can’t be eradicated

22
Q

Hep B prevention:

A

Vaccination
-highly effective recombinant vaccine are now available

Hep B Immunoglobulin
-protect ppl who are exposed
-efficacious within 48 hours
-may give to neonates at increased risk of hep B whose mom are HBsAg and HBeAg positive

23
Q

First line HBV

A

entecavir
tenofovir
pegylated interferon

24
Q

Second line HBV

A

adefovir dipivoxil
telbivudine

25
Q

Third line HBV

A

lamivudine

others: interferon alpha

26
Q

Entecavir

A

nucleoside analoge (guanosine)

inhibiting revers transcription, DNA replication, and transcription in the replication process

not a ligand of CP450

27
Q

Entecavir MOA

A

guanosine nucleoside analog

1: base priming
2: reverse transcription of the neg strains from the pregenomic messenger RNA
3 synthesis of the pos strain of HBV DNA

entecavir triphosphate has an inhibition of constant (ki) for HBV DNA polymerase of 0.0012uM
- weak inhibitor

28
Q

Tenofovir

A

nucleotide analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), suppressing reverse transcriptase

induces CYPs

29
Q

Tenofovir MOA

A

inhibits activity of reverse transcriptase by competing with the natural substrate deoxydenosine e triphosphate and after incorporation of DNA, by DNA chain termination

30
Q

Tenofovir side effects

A

nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
asthenia (weakness, lack of energy)
DDI

31
Q

Hepatitis C Virus

A

small
enveloped
positive single stranded RNA
Flavivirdae family
7 distinct HCV genotypes
67 subtypes

genotype 1 is most common

32
Q

treatment of HCV

A

-protease inhibitor therapies
-interferon: chronic pts, more effective with ribavirin
-ribavirin: less experienced

33
Q

major anti HCV
NS3/4A protease inhibitors

A

1st gen: telaprevir, boceprevir
2nd gen: simeprevir, paritaprevir, grazprevir

34
Q

major anti HCV
NS5A inhibitors:

A

ledipasvir
ombitasvir
daclatasvir
elbasvir
velpatasvir

35
Q

major anti HCV
NS5B RNA Polymerase inhibitors

A

nucleoside polymerase inhibitor: sofosbuvir

non-nucleoside polymerase inhibitor: dasabuvir

others: ribavirin (guanosine ribonucleic analog), pegylated interferon

36
Q

two recent drugs for HCV

A

Harvoni
Verkira Pak
they are more specific and toxic to HCV than host cells

inhibit proteinase,NS5A, and NS5B polymerase

37
Q

Harvoni

A

first FDA approved drug for type 1 HCV

oral

moisture of sovaldi and ledipasvir
-sofosbuvir inhibits RNA polymerase

very expensive

38
Q

Viekira pak

A

cocktail drug
mixture of ombitasvir, paritaprevir, ritonavir and dasabuvir

39
Q

most recent FDA approved
mavyret

A

glecaprevir/pibrentasvir
8 weeks***

a national strategy for the elimination of hep B and C

40
Q

most recent FDA approved
vosevi

A

sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir
-NS5B polymerase inhibitor, NS5A inhibitor, NS3/4A protease inhibitor

41
Q

elbasvir and grazoprevir

A

NS5A inhibitor and protease inhibitor

42
Q

glecapreveir and pibrentasvir

A

NS5/4A protease inhibitor and NS5A inhibitor

43
Q

ledipasvir and sofosbuvir

A

NS5A inhibitor and nucleotide polymerase inhibitor

44
Q

sofosbuvir and velpatasvir

A

nucleotide polymerase inhibitor & NS5A inhibitor

45
Q

HAV and HBV an be protected with

A

vaccine and immunoglobulin

46
Q

is there a vaccine for HCV

A

not yet

47
Q

HCV infected subjects can be cured with

A

cocktail of anti HCV drugs

48
Q

which Hepatitis virus can cause chronic liver infection and lead to cancer

A

HBV
HCV

ID (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions