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Viral Illness > Hepatitis B Virus > Flashcards

Hepatitis B Virus Flashcards

1
Q

What nucleic acid is present in Hepatitis B?

A

DNA

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2
Q

How many genotypes of Hepatitis B exist? How many serotypes?

A
  1. There are 4 serotypes
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3
Q

What genotype is associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma?

A

Genotype C

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4
Q

Who is at risk for getting Hep B?

A

MSM, IV drug users, those with HCV and HIV, immunocompromised,

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5
Q

What tests are used to screen for Hep B Status?

A

HBSAg, HBSAb, Anti HBcAb

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6
Q

What tests are the markers of replication?

A

HBEAg, HBEAb, HBV-DNA

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7
Q

What other tests should be ordered?

A

HCD, HDV and Liver Ultrasound

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8
Q

What advice should be given to those who are HBSAg positive?

A 
Use condoms for sex
No alcohol
Do not share toothbrushes, razors,
Do not give blood
Kissing, hugging, cooking and hand shaking are okay
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9
Q

What drugs are used to treat those with Hep B?

A

Pregnant 3rd trimester: Tenofovir, Lamivudine and Entecavir

Sorafenib

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10
Q

What % of HCC are missed by an ultrasound exam?

A

For HCC >3cm, 5 to 15%

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11
Q

Who should be screened for HCC?

A

Asian males > 40 yrs
Asian females> 50 yrs
African Americans
Those with Family Hx of HCC

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12
Q

What % of those with HCC do not have cirrhosis?

A

30%

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13
Q

Where is the highest prevalence of Hepatitis B?

A

Greenland, Northern Canada, China, MIddle East, Subsaharan Africa

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14
Q

How is Hep b transmitted to infants?

A

At time of birth, not trans-placentally.

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15
Q

What are the extra hepatic manifestations of Hep B infection?

A

Polyarteritis Nodosa

Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis

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16
Q

How is this disease managed?

A

Immunize everyone
test all Pregnant women
Treta all infants of positive mothers with Heb Immune Globulin and vaccine

17
Q

What are the three stages of Hep B infection?

A

Immunotolerant- infected at birth,+HBSAg, + HBV DNA
Immunoactive- drugs work the best
Inactive Carrier- low level HBV DNA and HBEAg

18
Q

Who should not be treated?

A

The immunotolerant
Inactive Carriers
Latent HBV infection,

19
Q

Who are usually watched?

A

Those under 40.

20
Q

What body fluids have the highest concentration of HBV?

A

Blood, Serum and Wound Exudate

21
Q

What body fluids have the lowest concentration of HBV?

A

Urine, feces, sweat, breast milk and tears

22
Q

What % of patients develop Fulminant Hepatic Failure?

A

1 to 2 %.

23
Q

What is the treatment of Hep B?

A 
Interferon
Lamuvidine
TDF
LDT
Clevudine
PEG Interferon 2 alpha
24
Q

What finding increases the risk of transmission?

A

Positive E Antigen.

25
Q

What are the risks of infection from a needle stick?

A

HBV- 30%
HCV 3%
HIV- .3%

26
Q

What action is taken when a mother who is Hep B + gives birth?

A

The infant receives HBIG.

Viral Illness (15 decks)

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