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GI tract > Hepatic function > Flashcards

Hepatic function Flashcards

1
Q

What 2 vessels provide blood to the liver?

A

Hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein

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2
Q

What are the individual cells of the liver?

A

Hepatocytes

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3
Q

Hepatocytes are in contact with the blood stream on 1 side and what on the other?

A

Bile canaliculi

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4
Q

What is the vascular space between hepatocytes called?

A

Sinusoids

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5
Q

What are Kupferr cells?

A

Phagocytic macrophages

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6
Q

Through what mechanism does the liver NOT detoxify the blood?

a) excretion into the bile
b) phagocytosis by T killer cells
c) phagocytosis by Kupferr cells
d) chemical alteration of molecules

A

b

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7
Q

How does the liver chemically alter molecules to detoxify the blood?

A

Deamination to form ammonia and conversion to urea

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8
Q

Describe the process of oxidative deamination

A

Glutamate –> alpha-KG + NH4+
Glutamate dehydrogenase
NAD+ –> NADH

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9
Q

In the urea cycle ornithine is converted to citrulline by reacting with what?

A

Carbomoyl phosphate

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10
Q

What AA reacts with cirtuline to form arginosuccinate?

A

Aspartate

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11
Q

What AA reacts with arginosuccinate to form arginine?

A

Fumarate

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12
Q

Argine forms ornithine with the addition of water, what is also formed?

A

Urea

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13
Q

What plasma proteins are formed in the liver?

A

Albumin, globulin, fibrinogen, transferrin

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14
Q

What is the function of globulin?

A

Transport cholesterol and hormone

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15
Q

What is the function of fibrinogen?

A

Blood clotting

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16
Q

Through what 3 mechanisms does the liver control glucose metabolism?

A

Glycogenesis
Glycogenolysis
Gluconeogenesis

17
Q

Where is bile secreted?

A

Hepatocytes

18
Q

Where is bile stored?

A

Gall bladder

19
Q

What is the Biel pigment?

A

Bilirubin produced in the spleen

20
Q

What are the 2 effects of bile?

A

Emulsify fats

Neutralise acids

21
Q

Protein digestive products and fats increase in the duodenum causing ……… to be released in the plasma. The causes the gall bladder to ………. and the sphincter of Oddi to …….. This increases bile in the duodenum and causes the fats to emulsify

A

CCK
Contraction
Relax

22
Q

Acid in the duodenum increases and causes ……… to be released from the plasma. This causes bile secretion from the ……….. Increased bile in the duodenum neutralises the acid

A

Secretin

Liver

GI tract (7 decks)

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