Hepatic Disorders

Question 0

liver function study - changes with cirrhosis, liver disease, chronic obstructive jaundice, viral hepatitis

Answer 0

globulins

Question 1

liver function study - change w/ cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, edema & ascites

Answer 1

albumin

Question 2

liver function study - measures the ability of the liver to conjugate & exrete bilirubin

Answer 2

pigment studies

Question 3

liver function study - abnormal in liver & biliary tract disease; associated w/ jaundice

Answer 3

pigment studies

Question 4

liver function study - may be prolonged in liver disease; will not return to normal if severe liver damage

Answer 4

prothrombin time

Question 5

liver function study - ⬆️ in biliary obstruction, ⬇️ in parenchymal liver disease

Answer 5

cholesterol

Question 6

hepatic dysfunction results from damage to what kind of cells

Answer 6

parenchymal

Question 7

what is the most common cause of hepatic dysfunction

Answer 7

alcoholism

Question 8

what are some s/s of hepatic dysfunction

Answer 8

jaundice
ascites
hepatic encephalopathy

Question 9

what is the bilirubin level with jaundice

Answer 9

> 2.5

Question 10

obstructed blood flow through the liver resulting in ⬆️ pressure throughout the portal venous system

Answer 10

portal hypertension

Question 11

what 2 things does portal hypertension result in

Answer 11

ascites

esophageal varices

Question 12

what can result from ⬇️ albumin synthesis

Answer 12

ascites

Question 13

which condition causes ascites

Answer 13

cirrhosis w/ portal htn

Question 14

what procedure can be done to treat ascites

Answer 14

transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)

Question 15

what is the name of a life threatening complication of liver disease

Answer 15

hepatic encephalopathy

Question 16

what may cause hepatic encephalopathy

Answer 16

accumulation of ammonia & metabolites in the blood

Question 17

stage of hepatic encephalopathy - periods of euphoria & lethargy, reversed day/night sleep patterns

Answer 17

stage 1

Question 18

stage of hepatic encephalopathy - drowsiness, disorientation, mood swings, abnormal eeg

Answer 18

stage 2

Question 19

stage of hepatic encephalopathy - difficult to arouse, incoherents speech, ⬆️ reflexes, rigid extremities

Answer 19

stage 3

Question 20

stage of hepatic encephalopathy - comatose, flaccid extremities

Answer 20

stage 4

Question 21

flapping tremor of hands

Answer 21

asterixis

Question 22

sweet, slightly fecal odor of the breath

Answer 22

fetor hepaticus

Question 23

which med would be given to ⬇️ ammonia levels

Answer 23

lactulose

Question 24

which med would be given to ⬇️ protein catabolism

Answer 24

IV glucose

Question 25

what are some ways to decrease ammonia from the GI tract

Answer 25

suction enema abx

Question 26

s/s - hematemesis, melana, shock, deterioration

Answer 26

bleeding of esophageal varicies

Question 27

tx - O2, electrolytes, volume expanders, nitro, propanolol

Answer 27

bleeding of esophageal varicies

Question 28

what are propanolol & hadolol given for

Answer 28

⬇️ hepatic portal pressure