HENT boards

Question 1

sensorineural hearing loss is

Answer 1

presbycusis and menieres disease

Question 2

conductive hearing loss is

Answer 2

otitis media
serous otitis media
ceruminoiss
perforation of tympanic membrane

Question 3

Rhinitis Medicamentosa

Answer 3

Prolonged use of topical nasal decongestants (>3 days) causes rebound effects that result in severe and chronic nasal congestion.

Patients present with daily severe nasal congestion and nasal discharge (clear, watery mucus).

Treatment Plan
Stop the use of nasal decongestants.

Encourage use of nasal saline spray to control symptoms.

Question 4

most common pathogen is what for strep

Answer 4

viral

Question 5

centor criteria for clinical decision for dx of strep is

Answer 5

tonsillar exudate, tender anterior cervical adenopathy, fever, absence of cough

Question 6

what is the first line treatment for strep

Answer 6

PCN V 500 mg three times a day for 10 das

Question 7

what is the alternative med for strep

Answer 7

amoxicillin

Question 8

first line treatment for bullous myringitis is

Answer 8

amoxicillin all age groups

Question 9

first line treatment for acute bacterial rhinosinusisits for adults with complications is

Answer 9

amoxicillin - clay (augmentin)

Question 10

Penicillin Allergy or Alternative Antibiotics

Answer 10

Type 1 allergy (e.g., anaphylaxis, angioedema): Levofloxacin 750 mg PO daily or doxycycline BID × 5 to 7 days

Type 2 allergy (e.g., skin rash): Cefdinir (Omnicef), cefpodoxime (Vantin), cefuroxime (Ceftin) PO BID × 5 to 7 days

Question 11

Inhalation of an illicit substance such as —— can cause septal perforation(s).

Answer 11

cocaine

Question 12

seasonal allergic rhinitis what is the first line treatment

Answer 12

Topical steroid nasal spray (eg Flonase)

Question 13

Kopliks spots are associated with

Answer 13

Measles (rubeola)

Question 14

common bacterail pathogen in otitis extern is

Answer 14

P aeruginosa

Question 15

For penicillin-allergic patients, use

Answer 15

macrolides or gram-positive coverage quinolones (avoid cephalosporins if patients had class I reaction or anaphylaxis from penicillins).

Question 16

webers and Rinne test what nerve

Answer 16

acoustic nerve CN VIII

Question 17

drug of choice to treat ceruminosis is

Answer 17

carbamide peroxide

Question 18

verrucous meaning is

Answer 18

wartlike

Question 19

Red spot–like rashes that start on the hands/palms and feet/soles accompanied by fever, headache, and myalgia indicate

Answer 19

RMFS

Question 20

MRSA infection if a patient is allergic to bactrim use

Answer 20

Doxcycline or minocycline or clindomyocin

Question 21

Anthrax prophylaxis is

Answer 21

Doxycycline 100 mg orally twice a day × 60 days.

Question 22

Treatment for adult with recluse spider bite is

Answer 22

antibiotic on wound, cold packs, and NSAIDs.

Question 23

contact dermatitis

Answer 23

rosacea

Question 24

For a moderate acne patient on two prescription topicals who is not responding to treatment, next step is to add

Answer 24

minocycline, tetracycline, or doxycycline. Acne causation includes androgens (hormones), bacteria (cutibacterium acnes), genetics, and possibly diet.

Question 25

An example of an antimetabolite or disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) is

Answer 25

methotrexate

Question 26

Herald patch or a christmas tree pattern is known as

Answer 26

pityriasis rosacea

Question 27

for PHN prophlaxis use

Answer 27

Amitriptyline - elavil

Question 28

herpetic whitlow

Answer 28

Patient complains of an acute onset of extremely painful red bumps and small blisters on the sides of the finger, the cuticle area, or on the terminal phalanx of one or more fingers

Question 29

rosacea treatment

Answer 29

metroniadole (metro gel) can get rhinopyma

Question 30

Subungual hematoma can also be drained by

Answer 30

trephination (straighten one end of a large paper clip or 18-gauge needle and heat it with a flame, then gently drill down the nail until blood seeps out).

Question 31

Patients with scarlet fever are at higher risk for developing

Answer 31

postglomerular nephritis (compared with “strep” throat).

Question 32

molluscum contagiosum is

Answer 32

dome shaped papules - central umbilication caused by poxvirus spread by skin to skin direct contact clears up in 6 - 12 months if in genital region in adolescent think STD

Question 33

Purple to dark-red painful skin lesions all over body, acute-onset high fever, headache, level of consciousness changes, rifampin prophylaxis for close contacts

Answer 33

Meningococcemia*

Question 34

Red spot–like rashes that first break out on the hand/palm/wrist and foot/sole/ankle, acute-onset high fever, severe headache, myalgias

Answer 34

RMSF