HENT boards Flashcards
sensorineural hearing loss is
presbycusis and menieres disease
conductive hearing loss is
otitis media
serous otitis media
ceruminoiss
perforation of tympanic membrane
Rhinitis Medicamentosa
Prolonged use of topical nasal decongestants (>3 days) causes rebound effects that result in severe and chronic nasal congestion.
Patients present with daily severe nasal congestion and nasal discharge (clear, watery mucus).
Treatment Plan
Stop the use of nasal decongestants.
Encourage use of nasal saline spray to control symptoms.
most common pathogen is what for strep
viral
centor criteria for clinical decision for dx of strep is
tonsillar exudate, tender anterior cervical adenopathy, fever, absence of cough
what is the first line treatment for strep
PCN V 500 mg three times a day for 10 das
what is the alternative med for strep
amoxicillin
first line treatment for bullous myringitis is
amoxicillin all age groups
first line treatment for acute bacterial rhinosinusisits for adults with complications is
amoxicillin - clay (augmentin)
Penicillin Allergy or Alternative Antibiotics
Type 1 allergy (e.g., anaphylaxis, angioedema): Levofloxacin 750 mg PO daily or doxycycline BID × 5 to 7 days
Type 2 allergy (e.g., skin rash): Cefdinir (Omnicef), cefpodoxime (Vantin), cefuroxime (Ceftin) PO BID × 5 to 7 days
Inhalation of an illicit substance such as —— can cause septal perforation(s).
cocaine
seasonal allergic rhinitis what is the first line treatment
Topical steroid nasal spray (eg Flonase)
Kopliks spots are associated with
Measles (rubeola)
common bacterail pathogen in otitis extern is
P aeruginosa
For penicillin-allergic patients, use
macrolides or gram-positive coverage quinolones (avoid cephalosporins if patients had class I reaction or anaphylaxis from penicillins).
webers and Rinne test what nerve
acoustic nerve CN VIII
drug of choice to treat ceruminosis is
carbamide peroxide
verrucous meaning is
wartlike
Red spot–like rashes that start on the hands/palms and feet/soles accompanied by fever, headache, and myalgia indicate
RMFS
MRSA infection if a patient is allergic to bactrim use
Doxcycline or minocycline or clindomyocin
Anthrax prophylaxis is
Doxycycline 100 mg orally twice a day × 60 days.
Treatment for adult with recluse spider bite is
antibiotic on wound, cold packs, and NSAIDs.
contact dermatitis
rosacea
For a moderate acne patient on two prescription topicals who is not responding to treatment, next step is to add
minocycline, tetracycline, or doxycycline. Acne causation includes androgens (hormones), bacteria (cutibacterium acnes), genetics, and possibly diet.
An example of an antimetabolite or disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) is
methotrexate
Herald patch or a christmas tree pattern is known as
pityriasis rosacea
for PHN prophlaxis use
Amitriptyline - elavil
herpetic whitlow
Patient complains of an acute onset of extremely painful red bumps and small blisters on the sides of the finger, the cuticle area, or on the terminal phalanx of one or more fingers
rosacea treatment
metroniadole (metro gel)
can get rhinopyma
Subungual hematoma can also be drained by
trephination (straighten one end of a large paper clip or 18-gauge needle and heat it with a flame, then gently drill down the nail until blood seeps out).
Patients with scarlet fever are at higher risk for developing
postglomerular nephritis (compared with “strep” throat).
molluscum contagiosum is
dome shaped papules - central umbilication
caused by poxvirus
spread by skin to skin direct contact
clears up in 6 - 12 months
if in genital region in adolescent think STD
Purple to dark-red painful skin lesions all over body, acute-onset high fever, headache, level of consciousness changes, rifampin prophylaxis for close contacts
Meningococcemia*
Red spot–like rashes that first break out on the hand/palm/wrist and foot/sole/ankle, acute-onset high fever, severe headache, myalgias
RMSF
