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p2-Henry Vii > henrys domestic policy > Flashcards

henrys domestic policy Flashcards

1
Q

how many times did parliament meet during henry’s reign?

A

7

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2
Q

which council advised Henry?

A

The Kings council

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3
Q

Give 1 example of a court that Henry established to strengthen central government?

A

The court of requests, The court of General Surveyors and the council learned in the law

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4
Q

which court did Empson and Dudley lead?

A

council learned

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5
Q

in which 3 places was the council learned used?

A

the north, wales and Ireland

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6
Q

who replaced the Earl of Northumberland as deputy in the north following the Yorkshire rising

A

the earl of surrey

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7
Q

what year did Henry revive the council of wales?

A

1493

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8
Q

which courts were unruly in wales?

A

Marcher Lords

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9
Q

which law was passed in Ireland in 1494 to prevent Irish parliaments meeting without the Kings permission?

A

Ponying’s law

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10
Q

How many JPs were appointed in each county?

A

30-60

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11
Q

Give one example of how JPs helped Henry keep law and order?

A

dispensing justice, replacing subject members of juries, arresting poachers, rewarding informers, granting hail

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12
Q

why were the changed needed?

A
  • the chaos of the war of the roses had lessened the authority of the monarch
  • Henry lacked experience of the country and the government but he needed to ensure he consolidated his position as he was an Usurper
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13
Q

central government-
how many councilors during Henry’s reign?
what did the kings council do?

A

-kings council advised Henry, it was chosen by the King. there were 227 councilors during Henry’s reign, however most of the time Henry relied on a small group of advisors

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14
Q

central government-key names

A
  • lord chancellor (morton)
  • lord privy seal (fox)
  • lord treasurer (dynham)
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15
Q

central government-

what were the smaller committees used for?

A
  • he used smaller committees in the council but made the practice more frequent
  • established the court of requests
  • court of General surveyors
  • council learned in law
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16
Q

central government-council

what type of men were there?

A
  • most members were noblemen or churchmen

- was some gentry members..ie Reginald bray and Edmund Dudley

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17
Q

central government-council learned in law

what did the council learned do?

A
  • enforced financial policies eg supervised bonds and recognizances
  • in 1495 they defended the king’s position as feudal landlord
18
Q

central government- most notable change

A

-the exploitation of royal rights was the most notable change (dickens) Henry made to central government and this caused resentment

19
Q

when was parliament called?

A

-called when the king needed money or to pass laws

20
Q

what years did parliament meet?

A
  • 1485-6
  • 1487
  • 1489
  • 1491
  • 1495
  • 1497
  • 1504
21
Q

what was parliament used for?

A

-to pass acts of attainder especially at the start and end of Henry’s reign

22
Q

why did parliament meet?

A

-used briefly as henry wanted to avoid asking the country for more money too often; he avoided war as far as possible; parliament’s role as court was now fulfilled by the council learned in law

23
Q

where was regional councils used?

A

-henry developed the Yorkist use of regional councils in north, wales and Ireland

24
Q

where did the council of the north defend?
what powers did it have?
henry appointed which earl to the council of the north?

A
  • defended the northern boarder and had administrative and judicial power so that the law could be enforced quickly.
  • henry appointed the earl of surrey to the council of the North following the death of the Earl of Northumberland in 1489
25
Q

regional government-the king’s council

what did the kings council do in terms of watching another council?

A

-the kings council kept a close eye on the council of the north’s activities and Henry chose the members of the council eg the bishop of Carlisle

26
Q

regional government- Edward IV and the council of wales
when was the court of wales established?
what happened to the marcher lords in Henry’s reign?
what did Henry use the council for?

A

Edward established the council of wales in 1472 but the marcher lords were still unruly. Several of those Lords lost land in Henry VIIs reign and Henry had family connections in wales.
The council of Wales was normally put under Prince Arthur’s control in 1493. Jasper Tudor was appointed to govern wales from 1493. Henry used the council to reward loyal welsh servants such as Sir Rhys ap Thomas

27
Q

regional government-Ireland
what did ponying’s law say about Irish parliaments?
who was the lord lieutenant of Ireland?

A

-Direct control of Ireland was limited to the area around Dublin. 1494 Poyning’s law said Irish parliaments could only be called with the Prior approval of the King. Prince Henry was made lord lieutenant of Ireland.

28
Q

regional government-Ireland and Earl of Kildare
what was the earl of Kildare restored to?
what did EOK have to try to do?

A

-Sir Edward Poyning’s failed in his effort to bring Ulster under great control. The Earl of Kildare was restored as Lord Deputy to try and gain the loyalty of powerful Irish families. This was also due to high cost of ruling Ireland.

29
Q

local government-

what loyal servants did Henry rely on to keep law and order?

A

Edward Iv had relied on powerful families to help him control the country, meaning that some of them now ignored royal commands. Henry relies on loyal servants such as Earl of Shrewsbury and Lord Hasting’s to keep law and order.

30
Q

local government-sheriffs

what were sheriffs responsible for?

A

-were responsible for the management of parliamentary elections.

31
Q

local government-justice of the peace
how many Jps per county?
where were they chosen from?

A

-henry developed the office of justice of the peace. Chosen from secondary rank of landowners. 30-60 landowners appointed in each county.

32
Q

local government- the role of the justice of the peace

what were Jps used for?

A

-implementing statutes, dispensing justice, upholding public orders, replacing suspect members of juries, rewarding informers, arresting poachers and granting bail.

33
Q

local government-JPs and problems

why were JPs limited?

A

-JPs were limited by the fact that local officers were often reluctant to bring offenders to them. Every parish had to provide their own petty constable.

34
Q

local government-end of Henry’s reign
what problems still occurred by the end of Henry’s reign?
did the situation improve by the end of Henry’s reign?

A

-the situation was improved by the end of Henry’s reign, although there was still problems such as poor communication and reliance upon unpaid officers

35
Q

strengths of central government-

what were the strengths of a central government?

A
  • henry relied on a few key advisors
  • used smaller committees in the privy council
  • council learned in law enforced financial policies
  • parliament was used to pass acts of attainder to help Henry acquire land from disloyal noblemen.
  • parliament only met 7 times to avoid Henry spending too much on war.
36
Q

weaknesses of the central government-

A
  • exploitation of ‘royal rights’ caused resentment
  • council learned in law was detested
  • Henry was never fully secure
37
Q

strengths of regional government-

A
  • use of RC helped Henry gain control over localities-important as he was a Usurper
  • King’s council watched closely the council of the north and henry chose who he wanted on the COTN, ensuring no nobleman become too powerful.
  • henry made use of family connections to gain control over wales
  • he used regional councils to reward loyal subjects ie. Rhys
38
Q

weaknesses of regional council-

A

-direct English control in Ireland was limited, Poyning’s law 1494 failed. it was costly to rule Ireland.

39
Q

strengths of local government-

A
  • Men were willing to take on the role of the JPs as it gave them prestige and status
  • much had been done to improve law and order in the localities
  • Henry relied on loyal servants such as the Earl of Hastings and Lord Shrewsbury
  • The role of JPs was successfully widened
40
Q

Weaknesses of the local government-

A
  • still problems such as poor communications and reliance upon unpaid officials
  • some noble families had become overmighty in the war of the roses and didn’t obey royal commands
  • local officials were reluctant to bring offenders to the JPs

p2-Henry Vii (16 decks)

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