Henry VIII foreign policy Flashcards
in the early years of his reign, who did Henry VIII want to take after in his Foreign policy?
His ancestor is Henry V
what did Henry’s councillors convince Henry to do in 1510?
renew the Treaty of Etaples in 1510
what war did Henry VIII want to restart and why?
the 100 year war, as he felt England had a claim to the French throne
Why did Henry send the Archbishop of York to Pope Julius II?
to persuade him to ally against French
What was the Holy league and who was involved?
- Anti French alliance
- Spain, England, Holy Roman Empire, Venice and Papacy
Why the Holy league not that great for Henry?
he was being used by Ferdinand of Aragon and Maximillian
How did Ferdinand use Henry in 1512?
Henry sent a an army of 10,000 men to southwest France
this achieved nothing but was a diversionary tactic for Ferdinand to capture Navarre.
What did Henry lead in 1513 and what did it achieve?
- He invaded Northeastern France and won the Battle of Spurs in September 1513
- he captured Tournai and Therouanne
What was also won in England when Henry was busy in France?
The battle of Flodden September 1513
Who had led the attack against James IV in Battle of Flodden?
Earl of Surrey
Who was killed in battle of Flodden?
James IV and some Scottish nobles
What were the failures of Henry’s military adventures in 1513?
- War was costly and Henry had to liquidate assets his father left
- there was almost a revolt in Yorkshire about tax
- the pension from France was lost
- Tournai was eventually sold back for cheaper than defence repair had cost
What did Henry contemplate in 1514 and why did it fail?
an Invasion of France
Spain and Holy Roman Empire had made peace with France
Who and how made helped England make peace with France after 1513?
Wolsey
- recovered Etaples pension
- Marriage alliance between Henry sister Mary and Louis XII
What 3 points could be the basis of foreign policy during 1514-1526?
- England remained a relatively small power
- Henry significantly overestimates English power
- Auld alliance between Scotland and France remained, threatening England
By 1514 Henry VIII had run out of money to continue his war foreign policy, what were the consequences of this?
- He could not take advantage of Scotland after their victory in Battle of Flodden
- he sought peace with france and created a marriage alliance, however this was short lived as Louis XII died.
After the death of Louis XII who took control of France?
Francis I
Why did Henry Viii not like Francis?
They were personal rivals
What was Henry’s immediate response to Francis becoming king and why did it fail?
- to seek an alliance with Ferdinand, however Ferdinand died in 1516, which enabled his Grandson, Charles V to take over.
Charles wanted an alliance with France
What treaty created peace between Spain and France in 1516?
Treaty of Noyon 1516
What treaty created peace between HRE and France, which isolated England?
Treaty of Cambrai 1517
How was Francis able to undermine Anglo-Scottish relations?
the duke of Albany, who was also a French noble, was the heir presumptive. this meant France could take control of Scotland if there was no other liable heir
Why was the threat from Duke of Albany minimised?
there was poisonous divisions in Scottish nobility
What treaty, by Wolsey, enabled the end of England’s isolation?
Treaty of London 1518
