Henry VIII - Foreign Policies Flashcards
What is Scorand?
‘Aulel Aliance with France is a constant threat.
What is Antwerp known for?
Antwerp is the most important trading point in Northern Europe, vital for the coal trade in England.
What characterized the Holy Roman Empire?
The Holy Roman Empire had hundreds of disparate states and 7 electors who chose the emperor. Princes of states guarded their independence and Protestantism.
What happened to Burgundy in 1477?
Burgundy was a major territory taken by France in 1477. Charles V wanted to reclaim the territory and be buried there.
Who were the Jagelons of Hungary?
In the 16th Century, the Jagelons of Hungary were the most important and powerful royal family in Europe in terms of canal and agriculture.
What was Charles V’s connection to Hungary?
Charles V’s brother, Ferdinand of Austria, married into the Jagelon family. In 1526, he inherited vast areas leading to conflict with the Ottomans.
What significant event occurred in January 1519 regarding the Holy Roman Emperor?
The expected death of Emperor Maximilian meant there would be an election for a new Holy Roman Emperor.
Who were the main candidates for the Holy Roman Emperor election in 1519?
- Charles I of Spain (Maximilian’s grandson)
- Francis I of France
What was Henry VIII’s role during the election for the Holy Roman Emperor?
He kept neutral to be seen as an arbiter of European peace but entered as a third candidate.
What was the outcome of Henry VIII’s candidacy in the election for Holy Roman Emperor?
His candidacy backfired as he was seen as a joke candidate due to papal anger.
Who won the election for Holy Roman Emperor in 1519?
Charles won and became Charles V.
What territories did Charles V hold after his election?
- Holy Roman Emperor
- King of Spain
- Land in northern Italy
What was the impact of Charles V’s election on France?
France was now surrounded by Charles’ territory, escalating the Habsburg-Valois rivalry.
What dilemma did Henry VIII face after Charles V’s election?
Whether to continue his peacemaking policy or ally with France or Spain.
What significant meetings did Henry hold in 1520?
A series of intergovernmental meetings with Charles V and Francis I.
What was the Field of the Cloth of Gold?
A spectacular meeting location near Calais for Henry VIII and Francis I.
When did Henry meet Charles V before the Field of the Cloth of Gold?
In May 1520 in London.
What was the purpose of the Field of the Cloth of Gold meeting?
To showcase both monarchs’ wealth and power.
Fill in the blank: The Field of the Cloth of Gold was situated near the border of both monarchs’ possessions outside _______.
Calais
Was the Field of the Cloth of Gold a modest meeting with limited expenses?
No
Opportunity to show each other off
What was the primary purpose of the Field of the Cloth of Gold?
To hold a meeting between Henry and Francis, showcasing their power and status
The event included feasts, a cardboard palace, and a jousting tournament.
How long did the Field of the Cloth of Gold last?
Two weeks
Over 6,000 nobles attended from both England and France.
What was the estimated cost of the Field of the Cloth of Gold?
Roughly Henry’s annual income
This indicates the significant financial investment made for the summit.
What unexpected event occurred between Henry and Francis during the summit?
An unplanned wrestling bout
Francis beat Henry in this bout.
