Henry VIII: Cromwell and the Revolution in Church and State

Question 1

What’s the name of the financial report about the dissolution of monasteries?

Answer 1

Valor Ecclesiasticus

Question 2

What year was the first act of dissolution?

Answer 2

1536

Question 3

What year was the second act of dissolution?

Answer 3

1539

Question 4

When were the York articles written up and sent?

Answer 4

15 October 1536

Question 5

When were the Pontefract Articles written up?

Answer 5

2-4 December 1536

Question 6

Who led the Pilgrimage of Grace?

Answer 6

Robert Aske

Question 7

Who did Henry send to meet Aske’s rebels and where?

Answer 7

Pontefract castle, the earl of Norfolk

Question 8

When was the pilgrimage of grace?

Answer 8

8 October- 8 December 1536

Question 9

When was the Lincolnshire rising?

Answer 9

1-11 October 1536

Question 10

When was the Bigod rebellion and Cumberland rising?

Answer 10

16 January- 10 February 1537

Question 11

What year was the Act in Restraint if Appeals and whys it significant?

Answer 11

1533- king holds all papal powers

Question 12

What year was the act of supremacy?

Answer 12

1534

Question 13

What year was the act of 10 articles?

Answer 13

1536

Question 14

What year was the 6 articles and why was it significant?

Answer 14

1539, change back to catholic doctrine

Question 15

When were both royal injunctions to the clergy and why were they significant?

Answer 15

1536, 1538. Influenced the people as pilgrimages were discouraged and religious relics were removed from churches

Question 16

What year was the kings book published?

Answer 16

1543

Question 17

Where were the Scots defeated in 1542?

Answer 17

Solway Moss

Question 18

When were the treaties of Greenwich signed?

Answer 18

July 1543

Question 19

When was the third French war?

Answer 19

1543-6

Question 20

What was the cost of the Third French war and the reward?

Answer 20

Captured Boulogne, cost £2 million, caused debasement and caused dynastic disruption (causing mid Tudor crisis)

Question 21

Fall of Cromwell

Answer 21

Tried and executed for treason 1540

Question 22

What did the Act in Restraint of Appeals do?

Answer 22

final authority of all legal matters resided in the monarch. Took the decision of the annulment out of Rome’s hands

Question 23

What did the Act in Restraint of Annates do?

Answer 23

forbade the payment to the Vatican of up to 95% of annates

Question 24

Reports on corrupt churches

Answer 24

Comperta Monastica

Question 25

Number of people involved in the Pilgrimage of Grace

Answer 25

40,000- largest and most serious of the 16th century

Question 26

How threatening was the Pilgrimage of Grace?

Answer 26

Never seriously threatened the king but did threaten law and order in the north. Size and geographical scale shocked Henry, and for a while the dissolution process was halted

Question 27

Reforms that the Ten Articles brought in

Answer 27

The Seven Sacraments were rejected

Question 28

Treason act introduced

Answer 28

1534- showed there must have been opposition

Question 29

Execution of John Fisher and Thomas More

Answer 29

1535

Question 30

Mistake of Cromwell’s

Answer 30

marriage to Anne of Cleves

Question 31

Key members of the conservative faction

Answer 31

Duke of Norfolk, Bishop Gardiner, Sir Thomas Wriothesley, Lord Russell, Earl of Surrey

Question 32

Key members of the reformist faction

Answer 32

Earl of Hertford, John Dudley, Anthony Denny, William Paget, Archbishop Cranmer

Question 33

Tactics of the conservative faction

Answer 33

Catherine Howard marriage, accusations towards Cranmer, Catherine Parr, Cromwell

Question 34

Tactics of the reformist faction

Answer 34

Downfall of Catherine Howard, Catherine Parr marriage, Denny had the use of the dry stamp

Question 35

Fall of Catherine Howard

Answer 35

News of her affair with Culpeper delivered to Henry by Cranmer. Catherine arrested and executed 1541

Question 36

Factions and Cranmer

Answer 36

Accused of being a heretic, Henry warned Cranmer and he was put in charge of his own trial

Question 37

Arrest of Catherine Parr

Answer 37

Henry gave Catholic faction permission to arrest her but when they arrived Henry flew into a rage and abused them for attempting to carry out such a treasonous act

Question 38

Individual opposition to Henry

Answer 38

Elizabeth Barton- prophecies against marriage to Anne Boleyn. Gained national fame. Supported by Warham and Fisher

Question 39

The 3 elements known as the Pilgrimage of Grace

Answer 39

Lincolnshire rising, Pilgrimage of Grace, Bigod revolt and Cumberland rising

Question 40

How was the Pilgrimage of Grace put down?

Answer 40

Norfolk granted a general pardon, prolonged truce and a promise of parliament to consider their concerns

Question 41

Relationship with Scotland

Answer 41

September 1541 James V failed to meet with Henry, Henry ordered raid, Scots defeated at Solway Moss, James died leaving baby Mary on throne, Henry pushed fr marriage between Edward and Mary and the Treaties of Greenwich were signed although never actualised and Mary was married in France. Attacks continued until 1545 (the ‘rough wooing’)

Question 42

Treaties of Greenwich signed

Answer 42

July 1543

Question 43

peace with France

Answer 43

Treaty of Ardres June 1546

Question 44

What did the Act of Supremacy do?

Answer 44

Henry ‘justly and rightfully is…the Supreme Head of the Church of England.’

Question 45

What did the king’s book introduce?

Answer 45

Defended transubstantiation and the Catholic Six Articles. Written by Henry himself

Question 46

Fall of the Duke of Norfolk and Gardiner

Answer 46

Norfolk’s son Earl of Surrey executed for putting the royal emblem on his family emblem. Gardiner imprisoned on false charges.

Question 47

Economic grievances of the pilgrimage of grace

Answer 47

called for the Statute of Uses to be repealed, poor harvests 1535 led to high food prices, dissolution affected the poor, who relied on the churches for economic relief

Question 48

Reason for return back to Catholicism

Answer 48

Alliance between Francis and Charles and fear that they might answer Pope Paul III’s call for a Catholic crusade against the recently excommunicated Henry. Declining health and fear of death

Question 49

Henry excommunicated

Answer 49

1538