Henry VIII Flashcards
what was the king’s great matter?
his divorce with Katherine of Aragon
When was the King’s great matter?
1527- 1534
Henry VIII’s wives:
Katherine of Aragon- divorced
Anne Boleyn- beheaded
Jane Seymour- died
Anne of Cleves- divorced
Catherine Howard- beheaded
Catherine Parr- survived
Who was Thomas Wolsey?
-cardinal in England- representative of church in England
- failed to get Henry his divorce
Who was Thomas Cromwell?
-originally Wolsey’s lawyer
-was responsible for England’s break with Rome, Henry becoming Supreme head of the Church of England, and Henry’s divorce with Katherine of Aragon, +act of succession +act of treason
-visited monasteries- showed corruption of the church
-Chancellor of the Exchequer (1533)
-King’s Secretary (1534)
-Master of the Rolls (1534)
-Vicar-General (1536)
-Lord Privy Seal (1536)
-Governor of the Isle of Wight (1538)
-Lord Great Chamberlain (1540)
important acts in Henry’s reformation:
-act in restraint of appeals- 1533
-act in conditional restraint of annates
-the supplication of the ordinaries
-the act of dispensations-1534
-the act of succession-1534
-the act of supremacy- 1534
-the treason laws- 1534
-the act extinguishing the authority of the Bishop of Rome- 1536
When was the act for the dissolution of the lesser monasteries?
1535
What did the religious change and dissolution of the monasteries lead to?
the pilgrimage of grace
how many people took part in the pilgrimage of grace?
30,000 - 40,000
when did the p of g take place?
late 1536 to early 1537
where did the p of g take place?
-took place in the north of
England, including Cumberland, Durham, Yorkshire, Lincolnshire and Northumberland.
Robert Aske
-a main figure in the p of g
stages of the p of g:
STAGE 1: Lincolnshire rising 1536
-CAUSE: Religious changes
-THREAT: Easily suppressed, although gained support/ momentum
STAGE 2: The pilgrimage of grace 1536-37
-CAUSE: Religious/ social/ political unrest
-THREAT: Suppressed but support from cross
section of society, well organized and present as pilgrims not rebels, Henry responded brutally suggesting threat
STAGE 3: Bigod Rising 1537
-CAUSE: Distrust of King and response to rebel demands
- THREAT: Easily suppressed, gave excuse for
execution of rebels
causes of the p of g:
religious:
-Henry’s religious changes
-dissolution of the monasteries
-religious rebellion
-visitations and rumours
socioeconomic:
-poverty and unrest (due to dissolution of smaller monasteries)
-taxes and subsidies
political:
-dislike of Cromwell and counsellors
-conflict between conservatives and reformers at court
-commons
Henry’s religious changes:
-imprisoning clergy (who supported the Pope)
-act of ten articles- 1536- defined doctrine of the new English church
-injunctions to clergy -1536- attacked traditional practices
* dissolution of the monasteries
-1535 valor Ecclesiasticus
-1536 dissolution of the smaller monasteries
-1539 dissolution of the greater monasteries
how significant was the threat of the
Lincolnshire uprising in 1536?
significant:
-gentry involved
-clergy involvement
-gained momentum very quickly
-link to Yorkshire and lack of loyalty to Henry Tudor
insignificant:
-quickly ended by royal army
-gentry support was half hearted
-lack of loyal support
pilgrimage of grace causes
-dissolution of the monasteries
-food shortages and agrarian issues
-aristocratic feud
-taxation
opposition to Cromwell’s policies
-defence of the faith
act in restraint of appeals
feb 1533- no appeals to Rome on matrimonial issues
second act of annates
Jan 1534- forbade annates to Rome indefinitely
succession act
Mar 1534- Mary declared illegitimate, children of Anne Boleyn declared true heirs
act of supremacy
Nov 1534
treasons act & act for first fruit and tenths
Dec 1534
Valor Ecclesiasticus
Jan 1535 -Cromwell commissioned to investigate wealth/ corruption of the church
act for dissolution of lesser monasteries
Feb 1536
ten articles
Jul 1536 -sacraments rejected, move towards Protestantism
