Henry VIII Flashcards

1
Q

How much money did Henry inherit

A

300,000

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2
Q

When was the council learned abolished

A

1511

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3
Q

Why was Buckingham executed in 1521

A

For muttering issues about the succession

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4
Q

Battle of flodden details

A

1513
Scots defeated, 10,000 die including James
Seen as Henry’s biggest victory

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5
Q

Examples of old councillors Henry inherited

A

Fisher
Fox

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6
Q

How long after Henry VII’s death were Epson and Dudley executed

A

16 months

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7
Q

Why did conciliar government end under Henry

A

Wolsey impressing Henry on French campaign
Councillors didn’t favour aggressive foreign policy

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8
Q

When was Wolsey made Papal legate

A

1518

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9
Q

When was the removal of the minions from the privy chamber by Wolsey

A

1519

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10
Q

Wolsey’s law changes

A

Star chamber- 1487 to root out corruption
Chancery- permanent judicial committee for poor cases

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11
Q

Finance changes under Wolsey (3)

A

Act of Resumption 1515- return lands given away
The subsidy 1513, raised 90,000
Amicable Grant 1525, unrest

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12
Q

How much Wolsey raise total in comparison to what was needed

A

822,000 rather than 1.7 mil which had been spent up until 1520

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13
Q

Wolsey’s administration changes (2)

A

Eltham Ordinances 1526, instructions to reform privy chamber
Enclosure enquiry 1517- 188 verdicts

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14
Q

When did Charles V sack Rome to prevent the marriage annulment

A

1527

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15
Q

When was Cromwell chief minister

A

1532

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16
Q

How was the Church weak which made Cromwell’s job easier

A

Weakened by humanist critics
Justified divorce through 2 Cambridge theologians

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17
Q

What was act of conditional restraint of Annates 1532

A

Prevented Bishops sending money to ROme

18
Q

5 key acts of parliament

A

Act of Supremacy- Head of Church
Treason act- Treason could be committed in word now

Act in restraint of appeals-
Can’t appeal to Rome

Succession act- Succession vested in the children of Anne
Act annexing the first fruit and tenths- Bishops now paid annates to the King

19
Q

Cromwell’s financial changes

A

3 new courts, ward (feudal), augmentations 1536 (income from dissolution) and first fruit an tenths (money sent Rome)

20
Q

How much did income increase under Cromwell

A

150,000 to 300,000

21
Q

Cromwell’s admin reforms

A

Privy council, 100 down to 20 men, Beurocratic government
Law of Wales act 1536
Council of the North 1536- Limited Bishop of Durham power, more spread out

22
Q

What was used in the last years of his reign

23
Q

How was Henry used by Phillip in 1512

A

He sent 10,000 men to France which he himself acheived nothing but allowed Phillip to conquer Navarre

24
Q

1513 foreign policy

A

French expedition, Tournai and Therouanne through winning Battle of the Spurs
Won battle of flodden back at home

25
Failures of foreign policy by 1513
Henry had spent all assets given to him Tournai was sold to French for less than it cost to maintain
26
Diplomacy 1518-1520
1518 treaty of London, 20 rulers, face value success but war within 3 years 1520 field of cloth of gold, acheived nothing diplomatically and very costly
27
Treaty of Bruges details
Siding with Charles in war in 1521, believed he could gain french territory
28
Why was England's declaration of War on France a failure in 1522
Had no support from imperial forces- Henry abandoned by his allies again
29
Why was 1525 a rough year
Charles refused a joint invasion with him after battle of Pavia win Amicable Grant unrest
30
Why was there no noticeable outrage to the break with Rome
Charles was focused on the Ottomans
31
What did Henry do in fear of Catholic crusade from 1538 onwards
6 articles Attempted alliances with German princes
32
Relations with Ireland
Worsened from 1534 due to religious differences 1541 english gov regained control of Ireland
33
Scotland events 1542 onwards
Victory at Solway Moss Failure of treaty of Greenwich 1543 Rage invasion by Hertford 1544
34
Final French invasion
Boulogne Captured 1544 and then peace agreed 1546
35
1543 succession act
Regency council for Edward
36
Rebellion due to Amicable Grant details
4000 taxation resisters for Suffolk and Norfolk
37
Details of POG
Robert Aske led and 30,000 assembled Took pontefract Norfolk sent to agree truce 1537 rebellion gave Henry justification to go back on his promises
38
Reasons for break with Rome
Annulment and male heir Boleyn Faction Anticlericalism Corruption Monasticism decline
39
4 Key religious changes
1536- 10 articles- only 3 sacraments 1537 Bishops Book- Restored them 1539 6 Articles- Private mass and transubstantiation- radical shift back 1543 King's book- Defended 6 articles but attacked use of images
40
Causes of Dissolution
- Financial motives - Patronage and greed - The imperial idea - Continental influence
41
Dissolution events
Biased enquiry 1535 1536 smaller dissolution of 200 pounds or less 1540 larger dissolution