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Tudors > Henry VII - Society > Flashcards

Henry VII - Society Flashcards

1
Q

What was increased in society?

A

Social mobility

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2
Q

What did the nobility dominate?

A

Land ownership

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3
Q

Nobility key points

A 
Used retaining
Controlled by bonds and recognisances
Distrusted by Henry
Maintenance of order in countryside
50-60 men
Families died out regularly
Not closed caste
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4
Q

What was bastard feudalism? And what was it like?

A

In return for service, retainer would receive rewards
Only politically destabilising if monarch is unstable
Abusive system

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5
Q

What happened in 1486 to do with retaining?

A

Peers and MPs took oath against illegal retaining

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6
Q

What did Acts is 1487 and 1504 do to do with retaining?

A

Took action against noble who abused the system

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7
Q

What was established in 1487?

A

Law against retaining

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8
Q

What was established in 1504?

A

Licences from the king for retaining could be sought

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9
Q

Who were the greater gentry and where did they fit in?

A

Immediately below peerage
Landowners
Knighthood
Income

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10
Q

Who we’re the lesser gentry and where did they fit in?

A

More like yeomanry

Loved more modestly

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11
Q

How many knights were there in 1490 and what did they do?

A

500

Assisted administration of localities

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12
Q

How much land did peers and knights own?

A

15-20%

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13
Q

What were esquires and ‘mere’ gentry?

A

More numerous

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14
Q

What were the different types of churchmen?

A 
Social status varied
Papacy
Secular clergy
Roman Curia
Cardinals
Archbishops
Bishops
Parish priests
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15
Q

What were bishops and abbots of larger religious houses entitled to?

A

Sit in the House of Lords - political roles

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16
Q

What did the lower parish level deal with?

A

Spiritual needs of ordinary folk

17
Q

Who did Henry appoint as bishops?

A

Men with legal training

18
Q

What did Pope Martin V declare?

A

The King of England governed C of E not the pope

19
Q

Who was Henry reluctant to appoint?

A

People with aristocratic backgrounds

20
Q

Who were commoners?

A

Lower down but respectable

21
Q

What were rural commoners?

A

Husbandmen - smaller farms

22
Q

What were urban commoners?

A

Shopkeepers and Tradesmen

23
Q

What were top level commoners?

A

‘Middling sort’

Rich merchants and craftsmen

24
Q

What were urban top level commoners?

A

Lawyers

25
Q

What were rural top level commoners?

A

Yeoman farmers

26
Q

What was north west of the line from the mouth of the Tees to Weymouth in Dorset?

A

Pastoral farming

27
Q

What was south east of the line?

A

Mixed farming

28
Q

What was below the line?

A

Three quarters of the population

29
Q

What were exceptions?

A

Pastoral farming dominated in Fens and wood pastures of Kent and Sussex Weald
Grain farming and fruit growing in Herefordshire and Welsh border countries

30
Q

What were local government structures?

A

Justice increasingly administered at county level
County towns often contained jails and major churches
Areas of magnate influence often cut across county boundaries

31
Q

When was the Yorkshire Rebellion?

A

1489

32
Q

What was the Yorkshire rebellion?

A

Resentment of taxation granted by parliament to finance involvement in Brittany
Murder of Earl of Northumberland by rebels and his tenants
Northumberland’s retainers deserted him in his time of need - punish enemy for deserting Richard III at Bosworth

33
Q

When was the Cornish Rebellion?

A

1497

34
Q

What was the Cornish Rebellion?

A

Resentment of taxation to finance campaign against Scotland
Much greater threat than Cornish rebellion - greater numbers, attempt to exploit threat by Warbeck, marched on London (only halted at a black heath), questions how effective crowns systems for maintaining order in the countryside were
Henry needed to withdraw Daubeney from the Scottish border then it was easily stopped
Leaders executed

Tudors (17 decks)

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