Henry VII Foreign Policy Flashcards
What were Henry’s 3 aims in his foreign policy?
Security, recognition, prosperity
How was Henry trying to increase security?
Defending England from invasion and avoiding war.
How was henry increasing prosperity?
Improving and securing trade throughout Europe
How is Henry gaining recognition?
Stopping important figures from other countries supporting pretenders and signing important treaties
What dictated Henry’s foreign policy
-Circumstances around his succession
-Lack of money
WhT was Henry’s priority early on and why was this so important?
Gain acceptance of his right to rule from other monarchs. Important as rivals could seek shelter or assistance from other countries.
What country did Henry want to build a longer term alliance with and why?
Spain - insurance policy against France
What place was England in by 1485
Weak. After 1453, only Calais was retained as their ,and and France controlled most of the channel coast.
What position was Spain in in 1485?
It was united under Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile yet they still ruled mostly seperate.
What position was the HRE in in 1485?
Using its ports to trade with England - key to both of their trades.
What position was Italy in in 1485
Divided into states that were fighting over each other.
Who was England’s traditional ally other than Spain?
The duchy of Burgundy.
Why were England and Burgundy traditional allies?
The land was of immense economic value and strategic importance to the English.
England’s economy was reliant on export of cloth to Antwerp.
What was Henry’s attitude to the Netherlands during this time?
He would always give priority to his dynasty over keeping trade, adn Margaret of Burgundy was threatening Henry by supporting Warbeck.
What was Henry’s reaction to Margarets challenges?
Place an embargo on trade to Burgundy in 1493
What followed Henry’s trade embargo?
Another trade embargo from burgundy in 1494
How was the deadlock broken?
When France invaded Italy in 1494, Maximilian and Phillip were more concerned with this when Henry, leading to negotiations and eventually the Magnus Intercursus of 1496
What were the consequences of the embargo?
Riots in London in October 1493 due to unemployment.
WHat was agreed on in the Magnus Intercursus?
Margaret agreed to abandon all support for Warbeck or she would lose her lands
English goods could be sold in the Netherlands Expanded in 1502 to include Flanders.
What were the consequences of the Magnus Intercursus?
Trade flourished and Henry neutralised the threat
Henry had joined the Holy League, an anti-French alliance, but this didnt really affect his standing with France.
Evaluate the England v Burgundy relationship.
Successful under Henry’s goals. The 1496 Magnus Intercursus not only achieved enry’s goal of recognition through getting Margaret to not support Warbeck, but also increased the trade with Burgundy. Whilst hsi security could’ve been threatened by joining the Holy League, it didn’t have any massive affect.