Henry VII Flashcards
What was Henry VII’s relationship with the nobles?
Nobility as a group did not pose a threat to Henry, despite the tension of his reign.
Which noble individual posed a threat to Henry?
John De La Pole!
Which few nobles tried to sustain the Wars of the Roses conflict?
Richard, Duke of York and Richard, Earl of Warwick.
Appointing his young son Henry (later, Henry VIII) Duke of York was significant. How/Why? Think who had the title previously.
After young Richard, Duke of York, had died. There was no one to inherit his title or portion of land. This was clear when young Prince Henry was appointed.
Henry’s lack of relatives actually proved to be a benefit for him. How?
Most of the trouble occurring in the 1450s and 1460s were due to the king’s immediate family. Henry’s only uncle, Jasper Tudor, was loyal and had no children. Henry also had no brothers/brothers-in-law or adult sons.
The number of titled noblemen shrunk in England by how much?
50%. In 1487, there were twenty-three noblemen. By 1509, there were only twelve.
By what percentage did cloth exports rise during Henry VII’s reign?
60%
True or false - people were better off in the 1490s than they were in any other Tudor period.
True!
In rural areas, what dominated the economy?
Farming.
What was the main industry in urban areas?
Wool and cloth trade. Other fields included mining tin, lead and coal, metal working, leatherwork, shipbuilding and papermaking.
Henry VII’s reign saw the move from Open Field Farming to Enclosure. What was it?
1) a more efficient form of farming - it eliminated common rights.
2) the consent of the village was not needed in order to experiment with new crop methods.
3) but peasants were often left homeless because of this = direct impact on vagrancy and crime.
4) land was closed off and rights over land was abolished.
Tell me a bit about the Hanseatic League:
1) They were a threat to Henry because they could support a Yorkist.
2) They limited England trade interest in the Baltic.
4) They were a German organisation founded by North German merchants to protect mutual trading interests.
Tudor society was based on what (think Macbeth):
The Great Chain of Being!
In Tudor Society, there was very little social mobility. Was it possible?
Yes! Think - Wolsey, Cromwell.
Who were the nobility?
- Owned large amounts of land.
- they had an average income of about £6000 a year.
- They had a reciprocal relationship between those who served them.
The Gentry -
- Performed roles like Justices of the Peace.
- Became v important under both Henrys. They rose due to talent, rather than status.
- Income varied fro £10 - £200 a year.
- Often landowners who lived on the rent from their peasants tenants or made their fortune from trade, espcially through wool (merchants).
Commoners:
- Vast majority of the population.
- Technically ‘free’ as Black Death had ended serfdom.
- Wealthier members were known as ‘Yeoman’ - usually those families who had done well after the Black Death.
- Paid a wage, but were about one bad harvest away from ruin.
Churchmen/Clergy:
- Possessed about 1/3 of the land in England.
- A clear heirarchy from Cardinals to Parish Priests.
- Reinforced the Great Chain of Being.
- Higher figures, bishops, performed a political function as they sat in the House of Lords.
When was the Act of Resumption and what did it do?
It was in 1486, and restored all land removed from the crown ince 1455.
