Henry VII (1485-1509) Flashcards
when did Henry Vii legally become king of england?
Henry Vii usurped Richard III at the battle of bosworth on the 22nd August 145 however was corinated as king on the 10th october 1485
how did henry Vii consolidate his reign as monarch ?
- predated his reign to the 21st August 1485 therefore anyone who fought against him was declared a traitor and could be tried for treason and executued
- issued acts of attainder which meant that individuals could be accused of treason without going through parliament or recieveing a trial - ensured that powerful yorkists had to hand over their land to the crown therefore increasing the power of the crown and decreasing the power of the Yorkist threat to henry VII
- publicly rewarded supporters for example conferred 11 knighthoods
- detained edward the earl of Warwick his nephew as it could be seen that edward had a greater claim to the throne than henry
- made key appointments to the council and his household
- corrinated on the 30th of october before his first meeting with partliament on the 7th of november 1485 to signify that he was the rightful monarch and wasn’t made monarch by an act of parliament
- married elizabeth of york in january 1486 to show that his claim to the throne wasn’t due to his wife’s claim to the throne
- sept 1486 gave birth to his first hier to the throne prince arthur
viscount lovell and the staffords - threats to henry VII as monarch & establishing the tudor dynasty
- easter (april 1486)
- vfrancis viscount lovell was a key supporter of richard III
- attempt to raise a rebellion in the northern ridings of yorkshire richard III’s previous heartlands
- stafford raised forces agaisnt henry in the midlands
- easily suppressed as there was little appettie for a yorkist uprising agaisnt Henry Vii at this stage of his reign as monarch however there was still an extremely significant threat of margret of burgandy
the rebellion of lambert simmnel and the earl of lincoln (john de la pole)
- leading yourkists felt that due to the failure of the lovell and stafford rebellion the only way to have a successful rebellion was to ensure that they had a figurehead, in this case they used lambert simmnel a young boy as their figurehead and posed him as the earl of warwick. did manage to get crowned as the king of ireland in march 1487
- failed as henry VIi then paraded the imprisoned earl of warwick around the streets of london
- john de la pole fled to the court of margaret of burgandy in the netherlands and joined viscount lovell, convinced margaret ot send a group of mercinery soldiers to the north ridings of yorkshire (richard III’s old powerbase), this was then called the battle of bosworth (1487)
the battle of stoke field (1487)
- brought an end to the wars of the roses and helped to consolidate henry Vii’s claim as king of england
- gathered a group of advisors who were made up of close relatives of former yorkists which had been victims of richard III in the south of the midlands.
- met with an army in nottinghamshire and henry’s army which was lead by the earl of oxford held firm and won the battle as they had more manpower than the mercinaries which had landed in england.
- developed the bonds of good behaviour to ensure that landoners were loyal to him the in the event of a future war/ rebellion
the earl of Warwick
- the earl of Warwick was Henry VII’s nephew who he had imprisoned in the tower of London upon his succession of Richard III as it could be argued that as a direct claimant Warwick had a stronger claim to the throne than Henry VII did.
- was accused of plotting against Henry II in 1499 and was arguably seen as an innocent victim of poliitcal manouverings at the time being only 10 when he was imprisoned in the tower of london he had spent most of his life in imprisonment
the yorkist threat of edmund de la pole the earl of suffolk and richard de la pole ‘the white rose’
- were the younger brothers of the earl of lincoln who had previosly tried to raise a rebellion agaisnt henry in 1489
- sufflok fled to flanders in france in 1498 returned and then fled in 1501
- was returned from the court of maximillian of the HRE in 1506 following the treaty of windsor and henry imprisoned him and then executed him in 1513
- richard de la pole was killed figting for the french in the battle of pavia in 1525
how long was cardinal Thomas Wolsey a key advisor to Henry VIII, years of reign ?
cardinal Thomas wolsey was a key advisor to Henry VIII from 1518-1529, when he eventually fell from power and was stripped of all of his titles and poessesions and was exciled to his diocess in york, due to his failure to solve ‘the king’s great matter’ and secure a divorce from Catherine of Aragon and a break from Rome for Henry VIII
- Wolsey also held the title of Papal Legate which meant the pope’s representative on earth and he held many religious powers such as the ability to reform the catholic church,appoint benefactors and make clerical appointments to the catholic church
what was Cardinal Thomas Wolsey charged with upon his downfall from the king’s favour & power all together?
- Wolsey was accused of praemenurie which means that he was putting the interests of the pope/the church above the interests of the crown
- Wolsey died on his way to his trial on the 30th of November 1930
