henry's consolidation of power

Question 1

what does Erastian mean

Answer 1

the pope gives the king some power to appoint its own archbishop

Question 2

Battle of Bosworth

Answer 2

23rd August 1485
Richard III had 15,000 men
Henry VII had 5,000 men
Stanley intervened with 3,000 men

Question 3

What was Richard’s fundamental weakness

Answer 3

he didn’t make peace with nobility and didn’t have a son

Question 4

How did Henry argue his legitimacy?

Answer 4

dated reign for 22nd August 1485 so he could persecute all Yorkists who fought against him

Question 5

Henry’s priorities

Answer 5

• maintain peace with France and foreign powers
• strengthen monarchy’s finances through trade
• secure Tudor dynasty

Question 6

Coronation

Answer 6

• October 1485

crowned before meeting parliament to establish Henry VII’s legitimacy claim

Question 7

Lovell Rebellion

Answer 7

1486
Lovell key supporter of Richard III
in the heartland of support in the north riding of Yorkshire
lovell escaped
SIGNIFICANT DUE TO LACK OF SUPPORT FROM YORKISTS IN THE NORTH SHOWED LACK OF OPPOSITION

Question 8

Main pretenders of the throne

Answer 8

• de la pole brothers

- Margaret of Burgandy

Question 9

How did Henry handle opponents

Answer 9

• arranged for Elizabeth of york before marriage and earl of Warwick to be detained
• parliamentary acts of attainder against Yorkists who had fought at Bosworth. their property was forfeit to the crown
• gave earl of Northumberland given control of north of England to give opportunity to prove loyalty

Question 10

Battle of Stokefield

Answer 10

1487
- lambert simnel imitated earl of Warwick

• put together by john de la pole
• persuaded Margaret or Burgandy to support the simnel claim and paid for a face of mercenaries to invade England
• henry responded by restaining Northumberland which neutralized Richard’s old power base
• henry wasn’t confident but won the battle

Question 11

what does jez ross argue?

Answer 11

‘Henry VII was never in serious danger of losing throne to either a rebellion or conspiracy’

as there were no plausible alternatives to him and Henry wasn’t diplomatically isolated enough

Question 12

what did henry do on first parliament

Answer 12

november 1485
passed acts of attiainders to take away land of those who fought against him at boshworth
passed acts against retaining
dated reign to 21st august to persecute anyone who fought against him at battle of bosworth

Question 13

by how much did henry reduce the nobility by

Answer 13

1/4 due to distrust

Question 14

how many attainders were passed

Answer 14

138 from 1485

however he reversed 46

Question 15

what crown lands did henry recover from the mobles through attainders

Answer 15

york, lancaster, wales and richmond

Question 16

how did henry use patronage to increase his power and make sure no nobility over powered him?

Answer 16

he promoted lower members of the gentry, clegy (morton and fox)
and lawyers (dudley and empsom)
rather than nobility, similarly he didn’t reward with reign but he rewarded with titles so they cant give title to kids as you can with land
reducing people opposing him with power

Question 17

when were the acts against retaining passed

Answer 17

1485 and 1504

Question 18

financial controls over nobles

Answer 18

demanding financial bonds from individuals which would put nobles in debt to the crown for loyalty

ex. lord burgaveny convicted in 1507 for illegally retaining 471 and fined £70,000. henry gave him a £5,000 bond over 10 years and got loyalty